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In the high-stakes world of pharmaceuticals and medical devices, ensuring the integrity of packages isn't a mere formality; it's a fundamental pillar of safety and efficacy. For decades, meticulous package integrity testing methods have served as the gatekeepers, diligently sniffing out potential breaches that could compromise lives and livelihoods. Yet, traditional approaches often fell short – lacking the sensitivity to detect microscopic flaws, the versatility to handle diverse package formats, and the quantitative data to provide actionable insights. In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods, manufacturers now rely on non-destructive, deterministic package testing alternatives.

Helium Leak Detection - An Overview

Helium leak testing refers to the process of finding leaks in some type of enclosed or sealed system using helium as a “tracer” gas and measuring its concentration as it escapes due to leakage. It is an effective container closure integrity test method, aimed at evaluating the integrity of pharmaceutical and parenteral products. The process involves filling the package with helium and subjecting it to vacuum. A helium leak detector is then utilized to quantitatively measure the amount of helium escaping from the package, which is expressed as a leak rate. Beyond evaluating container closure integrity, helium leak testing finds applications in product design, quality analysis, failure analysis, and validation. It offers flexibility as it can be conducted with or without a test chamber, enabling testing for "in-leakage" or "out-leakage," as well as locating leaks.

Helium is considered an ideal choice of tracer gas because of multiple reasons. Helium is non-toxic, non-flammable, non-condensable and its presence in the atmosphere is not more than 5ppm. The small atomic size of helium makes it easier to pass through leaks. Since helium does not react with other materials, it is relatively safe to use. Additionally, compared to other tracer gases helium is less expensive and is available in multiple cylinder sizes.

Helium Leak Testing Using SIMS 1915

The Seal Integrity Monitoring System (SIMS) 1915+ stands out as the ideal solution for helium-based leak detection across a range of pharmaceutical and medical device packaging systems, including vials, syringes, cartridges, and blister cards. It's particularly effective for parenteral products, such as ensuring the integrity of rubber stoppers on vials or plungers on syringe assemblies.

Utilizing helium as the tracer gas, this system allows for quantitative testing that surpasses traditional methods like vacuum bubble and dye penetration tests by a significant margin. This quantitative approach facilitates direct comparisons among different packaging materials, formats, production line settings, and storage conditions, supporting the entire product lifecycle. The SIMS 1915+ offers the capability for quantitative analysis with a sensitivity level as low as 1 x 10-10 mbar/L/sec. It provides comprehensive data sets instead of simplistic pass/fail criteria and can conduct testing at room temperature.

Each SIMS 1915+ Helium Leak Testing instrument is meticulously crafted to meet client-specific standards and package configurations. We specialize in engineering custom test fixtures tailored to the components being tested, ensuring precision and accuracy to fulfill your study objectives, accommodate various package configurations, and meet quality monitoring requirements.

SIMS 1915+ Options:

• LT 80 and LT 150 Cryo-Chiller Low Temperature Add-on Modules for ultra-cold Container Closure Integrity testing using helium leak methodology.
• Various sizes of Vacuum Test Fixtures to accommodate all package types and sizes
• Custom Test Fixtures to allow Helium leak testing for non-vacuum chamber applications.
• Additional External Helium Leak standards in various leak rate ranges.
• Helium Sniffer probe – for site specific determination of leak sites.

In pharmaceutical packaging, ensuring the integrity of containers is paramount to maintaining product safety and efficacy. Various technologies and methods are employed for package integrity testing, with MicroCurrent High Voltage Leak Detection (HVLD) emerging as a reliable and efficient solution.

MicroCurrent HVLD technology is a non-destructive container closure integrity testing (CCIT) method designed to detect leaks in sealed pharmaceutical containers, such as vials, ampoules, and syringes. Unlike traditional methods like dye ingress testing or visual inspection, which may be destructive or less sensitive, MicroCurrent HVLD offers a high level of sensitivity without compromising the integrity of the package.

The technology operates by applying a high voltage potential across the container and monitoring the resulting electrical current. When a breach or defect is present in the container's seal, the electrical current will deviate from the baseline, indicating the presence of a leak. The sensitivity of MicroCurrent HVLD allows it to detect leaks as small as microns, ensuring that even minute defects are identified.

Role of MicroCurrent HVLD Technology in Pharmaceutical Package Integrity Testing

MicroCurrent HVLD technology plays a crucial role in pharmaceutical package integrity testing by offering enhanced sensitivity, allowing for the detection of even the smallest defects in packaging to mitigate the risk of product contamination or degradation. Its non-destructive testing capability ensures that tested products remain intact, facilitating their seamless progression through the manufacturing process. Additionally, the high throughput nature of MicroCurrent HVLD systems enables efficient testing of large volumes of pharmaceutical containers, making it scalable to meet high production demands. Furthermore, its compliance with regulatory standards ensures adherence to requirements for product quality and safety, while its cost-effectiveness, despite initial investment, leads to long-term economic benefits through the prevention of product loss and reduced need for retesting.

List of E-Scan Technologies offered by PTI

1. E-Scan 605: The E-Scan 605 is an entry-level solution ideal for basic container closure integrity (CCI) testing, providing rapid PASS/FAIL test results. Featuring single-channel operation and manual loading/unloading, it offers a compact footprint suitable for low- to medium-volume testing needs.

2. E-Scan 615: The E-Scan 615 is the ideal instrument for laboratory R&D QC testing and product quality monitoring of parenteral products. Testing takes literally seconds and provides operators with PASS/FAIL and supporting quantitative data

3. E-Scan 655: The E-Scan 655 is intended for in-depth analytical container closure integrity testing of parenteral products. Location defect identification is possible along with quantitative data and PASS/FAIL.

4. E-Scan RTX: Fully automated container closure integrity testing with robotic pick & place hangling. Ideal for automation it the laboratory and production line settings.

In summary, PTI's E-Scan series offers a range of MicroCurrent HVLD solutions catering to diverse pharmaceutical packaging needs, ensuring precise integrity testing while prioritizing efficiency, safety, and compliance with regulatory standards. These advanced technologies represent a pivotal step forward in safeguarding product quality and patient safety within the pharmaceutical industry.

Tablets and capsules, the backbone of oral medication, are commonly encapsulated in blister packs. These packs, crafted from thermoformed plastic and sealed with aluminum foil or film, offer a trifecta of advantages: protection, tamper evidence, and convenience. Shielding pharmaceuticals from physical damage, moisture, and light, blister packs ensure dosing accuracy and provide tamper evidence, instilling confidence in consumers. Furthermore, their user-friendly design facilitates easy dispensing and portability of individual doses.

Package integrity testing emerges as a critical component in pharmaceutical quality control. Compromised packaging poses multifaceted risks, including product loss, contamination, and degradation. Leaking or damaged packages can lead to economic setbacks for manufacturers and jeopardize consumer safety. Exposure to external elements such as moisture, light, or oxygen can degrade the quality of medication, compromising its therapeutic efficacy.

OptiPac Technology: Pioneering Non-Destructive Integrity Testing

The OptiPac Leak Detection System is a non-destructive container closure integrity testing method specifically designed for blister packs. Employing One-Touch Technology, OptiPac ensures a swift test cycle without the need for changeovers or sample preparation. This innovative technology enables rapid detection of sub-5-micron defects, contingent on blister cavity volume. Unlike the vacuum-based blue dye test, OptiPac applies controlled inputs and measured outputs, eliminating the complications and reliability issues associated with dye ingress methods.

Technology Overview

OptiPac employs volumetric imaging technology under vacuum, coupled with topographic imaging, to identify the presence and location of leaks. The testing process involves placing the sample on the testing area, initiating a vacuum-based measurement upon pressing the start button. As the blisters expand under vacuum, air is drawn out through any leaks present. In the case of a leak, the air escapes into the chamber, causing a collapsed blister cavity. The dynamic vacuum test sequence captures volumetric images and measurement readings, pinpointing defective blister cavities. The system delivers a clear pass/fail result, along with quantitative measurements for each package test. OptiPac systems by PTI yield definitive results based on accurate and measurable quantitative data, reliably detecting leaks down to 5 microns. The interface is user-friendly, requiring no intricate parameter adjustments for new blister packaging formats, setting it apart from other non-destructive blister package inspection systems.

OptiPac’s insightful technology offers a suite of advanced functions:

• Auto configuration for easy recipe setup and validation of new blister formats
• Auto orientation of blister packs (test blister packs in any position –no specific orientation)
• Auto calibration is an integrated one-touch function
• Advanced batch reporting with audit trail including image of blister pack and defect results

OptiPac Benefits

• Non-destructive technology - Pass/Fail results backed by quantitative test data
• Completely tool-less
• No changeover to test different blister formats
• Identifies defective cavity
• Pre-loaded recipe library with easy recipe setup and validation of new blister formats

In the pharmaceutical industry, the safety and efficacy of products are of utmost importance, and maintaining these qualities throughout the distribution and storage chain is a critical aspect of ensuring public health. One key element in achieving this goal is the rigorous implementation of Container Closure Integrity (CCI) testing.

CCIT refers to the evaluation of the ability of a pharmaceutical package to prevent the ingress of contaminants, as well as the escape of the product, ensuring that the package maintains its integrity over time. This process is essential in safeguarding the quality and safety of pharmaceutical products, as any compromise in the packaging can lead to contamination, degradation, or other adverse effects on the medication.

Traditional Container Closure Integrity (CCI) assessment has heavily relied on destructive testing methods, such as water bath and dye tests. These approaches involve immersing packaging materials in water or applying dyes to identify potential leaks. However, these methods present significant drawbacks. They are time-consuming, requiring substantial resources for testing and result analysis, which is highly subjective and varies from operator to operator. This prolonged process can hamper production efficiency and delay product release.

Moreover, the accuracy of these methods is questionable, as they may not reliably detect all types of leaks. The subjective nature of human interpretation in analyzing results leads to potential inconsistencies and misinterpretations. Additionally, the destructive nature of these tests contributes to product loss and waste, escalating production costs and raising environmental concerns.

In the context of a growing emphasis on sustainable practices, there is a rising demand for alternative, non-destructive, and objective CCI testing approaches that can address these limitations and align with contemporary production and sustainability standards.

CCI Testing using Vacuum decay technology

To guarantee integrity and consistency of packages, the ability to precisely detect leaks and defects is necessary. Over the years industry has seen an increasing demand for non-destructive package integrity testing methods. One such method is Vacuum Decay technology.

Vacuum Decay is a test method that has been proven over decades as the most practical and sensitive vacuum-based leak test method. It is a simple test method that challenges container integrity based on fundamental physical properties. Vacuum Decay technology creates reliable and accurate quantitative results with a pass or fail determination and has been established as a non-destructive deterministic alternative method to the blue dye test. The standard vacuum decay leak test method (ASTM F2338), developed using PTI's VeriPac instruments, is recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for container closure integrity testing. The test method is listed in ISO 11607 and referenced in the United States Pharmacopeia Chapter on CCI (USP Chapter 1207)

How does Vacuum Decay Technology work?

Under this method, the leak testers are first connected to a test chamber that is specifically designed to hold the package to be tested. Vacuum is applied to the package placed inside the test chamber. Using single or dual vacuum transducer technology test chamber and level of vacuum are monitored along with a change in vacuum over a predetermined test time. The changes in absolute and differential vacuum indicate the presence of leaks and defects within the package. This inspection method is suitable for laboratory offline testing and can be designed for manual or fully automated operation. The test cycle is non-destructive to both product and package and takes only a few seconds. It provides significant savings by not wasting products for a leak test and generates a return on investment in under six months for many products.

Key Benefits of Vacuum Decay Technology

• Non-destructive and non-invasive
• No sample preparation
• ASTM approved test method
• FDA Recognized Consensus Standard
• Allows for increased sampling
• Quantitative results
• Eliminates cost and waste of destructive testing
• Test results can be easily validated
• SPC laboratory testing or online applications

In the dynamic landscape of pharmaceuticals, ensuring the integrity of parenteral products is paramount. Container closure integrity testing is a critical part of the quality control process for parenteral products. Parenteral products, such as vials, ampoules, syringes, and cartridges, are sterile and must be protected from contamination. CCI testing ensures that the container closure system is intact until it reaches the patient.

PTI's automated CCI solutions for parenterals provide a fast, reliable, and efficient way to test CCI. These solutions are designed to meet the needs of a variety of parenteral product manufacturers, from small-scale production to large-scale manufacturing.

Why Parenteral Product CCI Testing Is Important?

Parenteral products are particularly vulnerable to contamination, as they are directly injected into the bloodstream or body tissues. Even a small leak in the packaging can allow bacteria or other contaminants to enter the product, potentially causing serious infections or other health problems. CCI testing helps to ensure that the product is sterile and free from contamination. CCI testing also helps to protect patients from infections and other adverse reactions. Automated CCIT is a reliable and precise way to test the integrity of pharmaceutical packaging, reducing the risk of human error and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards.

Automated CCI Testing Solutions Offered by PTI

1.E-Scan RTX Technology

The E-Scan RTX is a fully automated container closure integrity (CCI) testing solution for pre-filled syringes. It uses MicroCurrent HVLD technology, a non-destructive testing method that is highly sensitive to even the smallest leaks and defects. MicroCurrent HVLD technology works by applying a high-voltage, low-current signal to the syringe. The signal creates an electric field around the syringe, which is disrupted by any leaks or defects in the packaging. The E-Scan RTX detects the disruption in the electric field and generates a signal that indicates whether the syringe has passed or failed the test. The E-Scan RTX is a highly efficient solution for automated testing in the laboratory to high-volume manufacturing.

Features of E-Scan RTX

• Fully automated CCI testing for pre-filled syringes
• MicroCurrent HVLD technology for high sensitivity and accuracy
• High throughput (hundreds of syringes per hour)
• Easy integration into existing production lines

2. VeriPac LPX Technology:

The VeriPac LPX is a fully automated CCI testing solution for a wide range of parenteral packaging formats, including vials, ampoules, and cartridges. It uses vacuum decay technology, a non-destructive testing method that is highly reliable and accurate. Vacuum decay technology works by creating a vacuum inside the packaging container and then measuring the rate at which the pressure increases over time. A leak in the packaging will cause the pressure to increase more quickly, indicating that the package has failed the test. The VeriPac LPX can be used for batch release testing or inline testing. It is highly versatile and can be configured to test a variety of packaging formats and sizes.

Features of VeriPac LPX

• Fully automated CCI testing for a wide range of parenteral packaging formats
• Vacuum decay technology for high reliability and accuracy
• High throughput
• Easy integration into existing production lines

Both the E-Scan RTX and the VeriPac LPX are valuable tools for pharmaceutical manufacturers who are looking to improve the safety and quality of their parenteral products. These automated CCI testing solutions can help manufacturers reduce risk, improve compliance, and increase profitability.

In the world of pharmaceuticals, the integrity of vial container closures is a matter of utmost importance. Vials are small, cylindrical containers made of glass or plastic, designed to store a wide range of pharmaceuticals, including vaccines, medications, and other sensitive compounds. Their significance lies in their ability to preserve the integrity and potency of these substances. Vials shield their contents from external factors like air, moisture, and contaminants, ensuring that the product remains uncontaminated and effective.

Package integrity testing of vials is crucial to maintain the high standards of pharmaceutical products. Any breach in the vial's integrity can lead to contamination, rendering the contents ineffective or even harmful. It's not just about preserving the product; it's also about ensuring the safety of the end-users. Therefore, advanced leak testing strategies play a vital role in guaranteeing that vials are sealed securely. Vial leak testing involves identifying leaks or breaches in the vial container closures. The main goal is to confirm that the closure system maintains an airtight seal, preserving the sterility and efficacy of the product. Vial leak testing can be performed using various methods, each with its own advantages and limitations.

1. PTI's MicroCurrent HVLD Technology

PTI's MicroCurrent High Voltage Leak Detection (HVLD) is a Container closure integrity testing method that plays a crucial role in ensuring vial integrity, for liquid fill applications including proteinaceous products and small molecule liquids. It operates on a fundamental principle: detecting breaches by applying high voltage to the vial's container closure. When high voltage is applied, if there is even a minor breach in the seal, the current will pass through the vial, alerting the system to potential defects. This technique is incredibly sensitive and can identify breaches that might otherwise remain undetected by traditional methods.

One key advantage of MicroCurrent HVLD is its non-destructive nature. Unlike destructive testing methods, this technology does not harm the vial or its contents in any way. This unique method utilizes about 50% less voltage and exposes the product and environment to less than 5% of the voltage when compared to conventional HVLD solutions. Its ability to pinpoint even minute defects in vial closures ensures that products maintain their sterility and efficacy.

2. PTI's VeriPac Vacuum Decay Technology

VeriPac Vacuum Decay Technology is another container closure integrity test (CCIT) used for vial leak testing, for both liquid fill and lyophilized applications. This method relies on creating a controlled environment within which the vial is tested. By introducing vacuum and pressure differentials, VeriPac can identify leaks with remarkable accuracy. If there's a breach in the vial closure, the changes in pressure within the controlled environment will be detected, indicating a potential defect.

One of the standout features of VeriPac is its ability to pinpoint defects with exceptional precision. It can detect leaks in various vial types, whether they are glass or plastic, and offers a versatile solution for pharmaceutical quality control. Like MicroCurrent HVLD, VeriPac is non-destructive, ensuring that the vials and their contents remain unaltered during the testing process. This makes VeriPac a reliable choice for pharmaceutical companies looking to maintain the highest standards of quality and safety in their products.

In the pharmaceutical industry, maintaining vial container closure integrity is paramount. The consequences of compromised vials can be detrimental, affecting not only the product but also the health and safety of the end-users. Advanced leak testing strategies, such as PTI's MicroCurrent HVLD and VeriPac Vacuum Decay technologies, provide innovative solutions to this challenge. By using these cutting-edge methods, manufacturers can ensure the highest standards of quality and safety in their products.

Combination products are made up of two or more regulated components, such as pharmaceuticals, devices, or biologicals, that have been physically, chemically, or otherwise combined and formed as a single entity to achieve a therapeutic effect.

Combination products can be divided into three main categories:

• Drug-device combination products: These products combine one or more drugs with a medical device. Examples include prefilled syringes, inhalers, and insulin pumps.
• Deterministic, quantitative test method.
• Biological-device combination products: These products combine one or more biological products with a medical device. Examples include drug-eluting stents and tissue-engineered products.
• Drug-biological-device combination products: These products combine one or more drugs, biological products, and medical devices. Examples include gene therapy products and combination vaccines.

Combination products can be complex and challenging to test, as they require expertise in both the pharmaceutical and medical device industries. One of the most important tests for combination products is container closure integrity testing. CCIT ensures that the product container and closure system are properly sealed and will not leak during transport, storage, and use. Leaks can lead to product contamination, degradation, and even patient harm.

CCIT is important for all combination products, but it is especially important for products that contain sterile or sensitive ingredients. Leaks can allow bacteria and other contaminants to enter the product, which can lead to serious health problems for patients. Container closure integrity testing is also important for products that are used to deliver drugs or biological products directly to the bloodstream or other sensitive tissues. Leaks can cause the product to lose its potency or efficacy, or it can even cause an overdose.

SIMS 1915+ for Leak Testing Combination Products

SIMS 1915+ is a helium-based leak detection system that is well-suited for testing combination products. It is a highly sensitive and accurate system that can detect leaks as small as 1 x 10-10 mbar L/sec. SIMS 1915+ is also very versatile and can be used to test a wide variety of combination product packages, including vials, syringes, cartridges, and blister cards.

SIMS 1915+ works by filling the test chamber with helium gas and then measuring the amount of helium that leaks out of the product package. If there is a leak, the helium leak detector will generate a signal. The size of the signal is proportional to the size of the leak.

SIMS 1915+ can be used to test combination products in both vacuum and sniffer modes. In vacuum mode, the test chamber is evacuated and then filled with helium. The helium leak detector is then used to measure the amount of helium that leaks out of the product package. In sniffer mode, the helium leak detector is used to scan the outside of the product package for helium leaks. This mode is useful for testing products that are difficult to place in a vacuum chamber, such as prefilled syringes and inhalers.

SIMS 1915+ Options

SIMS 1915+ is a modular system that can be customized to meet the specific needs of each customer. Some of the available options include:

• Dual test port manifold: Allows two product packages to be tested simultaneously
• Low temperature testing: Allows product packages to be tested at temperatures as low as -80°C.
• CFR 21 Part 11 compliance: Ensures that the system meets the data integrity requirements of the FDA's 21 CFR Part 11 regulations

SIMS 1915+ is a powerful and versatile helium leak detection system that is well-suited for testing combination products. It is a highly sensitive and accurate system that can detect leaks as small as 1 x 10-10 mbar L/sec. SIMS 1915+ is also very versatile and can be used to test a wide variety of combination product packages, including vials, syringes, cartridges, and blister cards.

Food packaging is essential for protecting food from contamination, spoilage, and damage. It also plays an important role in maintaining food quality and shelf life. Package integrity is a critical factor in ensuring the safety and quality of food products. Food packaging can be made from a variety of materials, including plastic, metal, glass, and paper. The type of packaging used depends on the type of food being packaged and its intended use. For example, perishable foods, such as meat and dairy products, require packaging that can provide a barrier to moisture and oxygen to prevent spoilage. Non-perishable foods, such as canned goods and dried goods, may require less stringent packaging requirements. Packaging that goes through a processing or retort system presents yet another set of challenges to insure integrity of the package and protection of product quality.

Significance of Food Package Integrity Testing

Package integrity testing is the process of evaluating the ability of a package to protect its contents from contamination and spoilage. It is an important quality control measure that can help to ensure food safety and quality. There are a variety of different package integrity testing methods available. Some methods are destructive, while others are non-destructive. Destructive methods, such as water bath testing, involve damaging the package to test for leaks. Non-destructive methods, such as Vacuum Decay testing, do not damage the package.

Package Integrity Testing using VeriPac Vacuum Decay Technology

The VeriPac technology is a non-destructive Container Closure Integrity Test (CCIT) system that uses Vacuum Decay technology to detect leaks in food packaging. Vacuum decay is an ASTM-approved test method (F2338) that is recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity testing.

To test a package using VeriPac technology, the package is placed in a vacuum chamber and the pressure is applied. The system then measures the rate at which the pressure in the chamber changes. If there is a leak in the package, the pressure in the chamber will increase more quickly. Vacuum Decay technology is a highly sensitive and accurate test method that can detect leaks as small as 20 microns. It is also a very versatile test method that can be used to test a wide variety of food packaging types and sizes.

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation.
• Deterministic, quantitative test method.
• Defect detection down to 0.2 ccm.
• High level of sensitivity, repeatability and accuracy.
• Short cycle time provides operator with PASS/FAIL result.
• Small footprint and modular portable design.
• ASTM test method and FDA standard.
• Referenced in USP 1207 guidance.

Overall, the VeriPac Vacuum Decay is a valuable tool for food manufacturers and processors who are looking to improve their quality control processes and ensure the safety and quality of their products.

In today's fast-paced world, businesses across various industries are constantly seeking ways to streamline their operations, enhance productivity, and deliver innovative solutions to their customers. To meet these demands, many companies turn to Comprehensive Integrator and Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) solutions. These versatile services offer a range of benefits, from reducing development time to ensuring product quality and scalability.

PTI's Integrator and OEM Solutions are designed to help manufacturers automate their package integrity testing processes. PTI offers a variety of sensory technologies, including Airborne Ultrasound, Vacuum Decay, Microcurrent HVLD, and Force Decay, that can be integrated into existing packaging lines or used to create new PIT systems. PTI also works closely with OEMs to integrate its technologies into their equipment.

PTI's Integrator and OEM Solutions offer a number of benefits, including:

• Increased productivity: By automating package integrity testing, manufacturers can free up operators to focus on other tasks, such as production or quality control.
• Improved product quality: Automated package integrity testing can help to identify and remove defective products from the production line, preventing them from reaching customers.
• Reduced costs: It can help to reduce the cost of labor and materials, as well as the risk of recalls.
• Compliance with regulations: PTI's solutions can help to ensure that products meet regulatory requirements for package integrity.

If you are a manufacturer who is looking to automate your package integrity testing process, PTI's Integrator and OEM Solutions can help. PTI has a team of experienced engineers who can help you to select the right sensory technology and integrate them into your production line. PTI also offers a variety of services, such as training and support, to help you get the most out of your PIT system.

Here are some of the specific solutions that PTI offers:

• Airborne ultrasound technology is used to inspect and analyze seals non-destructively. PTI's Seal-Scan® and Seal-Sensor products use airborne ultrasound to provide real-time seal quality inspection on the production line.
• Vacuum decay technology is used to leak test packages and containers. PTI's VeriPac platform uses vacuum decay to provide a deterministic method for leak testing that is repeatable and reliable.
• MicroCurrent HVLD technology is a CCIT test used to inspect packages for defects such as pinholes and cracks. PTI's MicroCurrent HVLD technology is non-destructive and can be used to inspect a variety of package materials.
• Force decay technology is used to measure the force required to open a package. PTI's Force Decay technology can be used to detect counterfeit products or to verify the integrity of packages.

If you are interested in learning more about PTI's Integrator and OEM Solutions, please visit our website or contact us for a consultation.

The integrity and safety of sterile products are critical in the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical device industries. Sterile materials are essential in patient care, surgical procedures, and medical treatments because they are free of live germs. To ensure that these items stay contaminant-free throughout their shelf life and delivery to patients, thorough packaging integrity testing is required.

The sterile product package serves as the first line of defense against potential contaminants, safeguarding the product from environmental hazards, physical damage, and microbial ingress. Any compromise in the packaging can lead to compromised product quality, reduced efficacy, and increased risks to patient health. Therefore, comprehensive package testing is indispensable to validate the barrier properties, durability, and overall performance of the packaging materials.

This blog delves into the significance of sterile product package testing, shedding light on the various testing methods employed and the role they play in maintaining the integrity of sterile products.

Sterile package integrity testing methods:

1. Vacuum Decay technology:

Vacuum Decay technology is a non-destructive container closure integrity test (CCIT) capable of detecting leaks in nonporous, rigid or flexible packages. Vacuum Decay leak testing is conducted by placing a sample package in a well-fitting evacuation chamber, which is provided with an external vacuum source. The vacuum levels as well as the change in vacuum over a fixed test time are closely observed using single or dual vacuum transducer technology. Changes in vacuum level beyond a predetermined pass/fail limit indicate defects within the package. PTI’s VeriPac Vacuum Decay series can non-destructively test packaging down to sub-micron leak rates - making it an excellent alternative to destructive testing methods.

2. Microcurrent HVLD technology:

Microcurrent HVLD is a unique High Voltage Leak Detection technology, highly effective across all liquid filled parenteral products. Its applications include liquid-based products ranging from extremely low conductivity sterile water for injection (WFI) to large molecule-based proteinaceous products with suspensions. Its ability to detect small pinholes, micro cracks and seal defects makes it an ideal choice for testing high risk pharmaceutical and parenteral products.

In conclusion, sterile product package testing is a cornerstone of product quality assurance, safety, and regulatory compliance. By meticulously examining packaging materials, seals, and integrity, manufacturers can safeguard product sterility, extend shelf life, meet regulatory expectations, and instil confidence in their consumers. As industries continue to advance and consumer expectations rise, investing in robust sterile product container closure integrity testing methodologies remains a fundamental necessity for any organization producing and distributing sterile products.

In the world of pharmaceutical manufacturing, maintaining the highest standards of quality, safety, and efficacy is paramount. To achieve this, regulatory guidelines play a pivotal role in guiding industry practices. One such critical guideline is Annex 1 of the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for Medicinal Products, which provides guidelines for the manufacture of sterile products. Recently, Annex 1 underwent a significant revision, ushering in changes that have a profound impact on pharmaceutical manufacturers. In this blog, we will delve into the key revisions of Annex 1 and explore how they affect pharmaceutical manufacturers.

Overview of EU GMP Annex 1

The European Commission's Directorate for Health and Food Safety issued the final version of the Annex 1 Manufacture of sterile medicinal products of the EU Guidelines for Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal Products for Human and Veterinary use.

The EU GMP Annex 1 "Manufacture of Sterile Medicinal Products" was amended in 2022 with the goal of resolving ambiguities and inconsistencies and taking technical improvements into account. Annex 1 of the EU GMP specifies the manufacturing of sterile medical goods. These standards are aimed at reducing the potential of product contamination throughout production procedures and, more importantly, when the product exits the Cleanroom. Prior to the most recent regulatory amendment, EU GMP Annex 1 was last reviewed in 2008. Without a doubt, manufacturing technology for sterile items have progressed greatly over the last 15 years, hence a review of the standards is necessary.

EMA Annex 1 - Regulatory Guidance

• Requires validated test methods (precludes probabilistic methods)
• Statistically valid testing plan required based on scientifically justified QRM assessment.
• Physical measurement of integrity.
• Automatic inspection methods should be validated to LOD equal to or better than manual inspection methods.
• A sterility test is only regarded as the last in a series of control measures to assure sterility.
• Coordinated effort by Pharmaceutical Inspection Cooperation Scheme (PIC/S) and the World Health Organization (WHO).

EMA Annex 1 - Finishing of Sterile Products

Containers closed using methods like Blow-fill-seal (BFS), Form-Fill-Seal (FFS), SVP & LVP bags, ampoules, etc., require 100% integrity testing using validated methods. Other closure methods need sample testing based on validated techniques. Frequency hinges on system familiarity, with a scientifically sound sampling plan. Size depends on supplier approval, specs, and process knowledge. Visual inspection alone is inadequate for integrity testing.

Containers sealed under vacuum (where the vacuum is necessary for the product stability) should be tested for maintenance of vacuum after an appropriate pre-determined period and during shelf life.

The container closure integrity validation should take into consideration any transportation or shipping requirements that may negatively impact the integrity of the container (e.g. by decompression or temperature extremes).

EMA Annex 1 - Regulatory Guidance

• The Annex 1 Summary for IV Bags outlines a strategy to ensure the quality and integrity of intravenous (IV) bags throughout their lifecycle. This involves validated methods for Container Closure Integrity Testing (CCIT) that are quantitative and deterministic, preventing contamination or leaks.
• The document emphasizes a comprehensive quality risk management strategy, identifying and mitigating risks from manufacturing to distribution and use.
• Inspection methods vary based on risk. Physical measurements detect defects, leaks, or compromised seals.
• A sampling plan ensures product quality. IV bags under 100mL require 100% inspection.

What are the key ideas expressed in Annex 1's draft revision? 1. Introduction of Contamination Control Strategy

A Contamination Control Strategy (CCS) should be implemented throughout the facility to define all critical control points and assess the effectiveness of all controls (design, procedural, technical, and organizational) and monitoring measures used to manage risks to the quality and safety of medicinal products. The CCS's integrated strategy should provide solid guarantee of contamination prevention. The CCS should be actively reviewed and modified as needed, and it should encourage continuous development of manufacturing and control procedures. Its effectiveness should be evaluated on a regular basis. Existing control systems that are properly managed may not need to be replaced, but they should be referenced in the CCS and the accompanying interconnections between systems should be understood.

2. Introduction of Pharmaceutical Quality System (PQS)

The revised version states that the manufacturer’s PQS should encompass and address the specific requirements of sterile product manufacturing and ensure that all activities are effectively controlled so that microbial, particulate and pyrogen contamination is minimized in sterile products. In addition to the PQS requirements detailed in Chapter 1 of the GMPs, the PQS for sterile product manufacture should also ensure that:

• The integrated risk management system covers the product life cycle to minimize contamination and ensure sterile product quality
• The manufacturer possesses expertise in products, equipment, engineering, and manufacturing affecting product quality.
• Root cause analysis of failures identifies risks, leading to informed CAPA implementation for product protection.
• The risk management outcome should be periodically reviewed within ongoing quality management, change control, and product quality assessments.

Here is a quick rundown of quality management and regulatory expectations in the pharmaceutical industry, specifically related to package quality and container closure integrity:

• QRM: A method to identify, analyze, and manage risks to drug quality
• Holistic Approach: Considers the entire drug lifecycle for consistent quality.
• CQA's: Essential attributes controlled to ensure drug quality.
• CCI: Packaging's ability to protect product integrity.
• Scientific Methodology: Reliable, accurate testing methods.
• Sampling Plans: Testing procedures for batch release and monitoring.
• Validated Methods: Established, trustworthy testing procedures.

These practices collectively uphold drug safety, efficacy, and regulatory standards.

3. Use of Quality Risk Management (QRM) Strategies

The systematic approach and examination of threats to the drug's quality throughout the product lifecycle is known as quality risk management (QRM). QRM principles provide a proactive means of identifying, scientifically evaluating and controlling potential risks to quality. The evaluation of risk to quality should be based on scientific knowledge and ultimately link to the protection of the patient.

It is clear that using QRM methods in the pharmaceutical industry has become much more difficult thanks to the updated Annex 1 document. The only mention of risk in the previous iteration (2008) is found in Section 8: Cleanroom and Clean Air Device Monitoring. Contrarily, the updated draft Annex 1 contains references to risk in a number of sections, including Sections 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9. Given that manufacturing sterile medications is a complicated process, it needs special controls and precautions to guarantee the caliber of the finished goods. Risk-based quality control will be widely used to make sure that pharmaceutical products are of the highest quality.

4. New developments in sterile manufacturing techniques

There have been substantial improvements in sterile manufacturing technology since the 2008 version of Annex 1 was last visited, particularly with Restricted Access Barrier Systems (RABS) and isolators. Such improvements are evidently acknowledged in the current draft. For example, previous Annex 1 guidelines required all connections for aseptic processing to be performed under highly classified Grade A environments.

Who are most impacted by the changes?

Annex 1 applies to pharmaceutical firms that manufacture products within the European Union as well as those that import into the European Union.

Section 3 of the paper discusses the production of sterile medicinal commodities and pharmaceuticals, while Section 4 discusses the maintenance and quality requirements of Cleanrooms, change rooms, and other sterile settings utilized during the manufacturing process.

Those working in the pharmaceutical, cleanroom, or sterile manufacturing industries are likely already aware of the new requirements that will go into effect in August 2023.

In conclusion, the revised Annex 1 of the EU GMP guidelines represents a significant milestone in the realm of pharmaceutical manufacturing. By addressing the evolving landscape of sterile product production and emphasizing key concepts, this revision brings about transformative changes that ultimately enhance product quality, safety, and efficacy.

Key Takeaways

• All regulatory guidance moving towards deeper scientific quality assurance
• Holistic life cycle approach to pharmaceutical packaging quality
• Deterministic methods must take priority; validation and control strategy.
• Thorough QRM strategy establishes the critical risks on IV bags.
• Risks mitigated with appropriate physical test method and scientifically justified sampling plans.
• 100% inspection not a requirement for most IV applications.
• Different methods may apply for different stages of development life-cycle.
• CGMP guidelines calling for deterministic physical testing of Container Closure Integrity (CCI)

For assistance in implementing the Annex 1 revision, PTI can support you. Reach out to one of our application experts for assistance with the right CCI quality risk management strategy.

Ensuring the integrity of container closures is a critical aspect of pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. Maintaining the integrity of containers, such as vials, syringes, and cartridges, is essential to preserve the quality, efficacy, and safety of products throughout their entire lifecycle. Traditionally, blue dye testing has been a widely used method to detect leaks and potential breaches in container closures. However, with the ever-evolving landscape of technology and scientific advancements, it is essential to explore and embrace alternative methods that offer higher sensitivity, reliability, and efficiency.

In this blog, we will explore cutting-edge container closure integrity testing methods that go beyond the limitations of blue dye testing. While blue dye testing has served as a valuable tool for detecting gross leaks, it may not be sufficient to detect micro-leaks or hairline cracks that could lead to potential risks during storage, distribution, and administration of pharmaceutical products.

Non-destructive CCI testing methods offered by PTI:

1. Microcurrent HVLD Technology

High Voltage Leak Detection (HVLD) is a non-destructive and non-invasive container closure integrity test (CCIT) used to assess the closure integrity of parenteral product packaging, such as pre-filled syringes, vials, cartridges, ampoules, BFS, bottles, and pouches. By employing quantitative electrical conductivity measurements, this technique allows for non-destructive testing of packages.

The HVLD method involves passing micro-current signals through the sample packages. If there is a leak in the package, the electrical resistance of the sample decreases, leading to an increase in current flow. The newer MicroCurrent HVLD technology operates using approximately 50% less voltage and exposes the product and surrounding environment to less than 5% of the voltage compared to traditional HVLD solutions. This makes it a more efficient and safer option for evaluating packaging integrity in pharmaceutical and medical applications.

2. Vacuum Decay technology

Vacuum Decay has proven to be an exceptionally effective technology for detecting leak paths and ensuring the integrity of packages. One of its key advantages is the ability to provide quantitative, deterministic, and reliable test results without causing any damage to the containers being tested. The process involves placing the packages in a meticulously fitted evacuation test chamber connected to an external vacuum source. Throughout the testing, the vacuum levels are constantly monitored to detect any deviations from the predetermined target vacuum level. If a package has defects, air will escape, leading to a noticeable change in the chamber vacuum level. Conversely, non-defective packages will retain the air, ensuring the chamber vacuum level remains constant. The versatility of this method is remarkable as it can accommodate a wide range of packaging formats, including filled and sealed rigid, semi-rigid, and flexible packages made from both non-porous and porous materials.

3. Helium Leak Detection Technology

Helium leak testing is the method of locating leaks in various enclosed or sealed systems by using helium as a "tracer" gas and measuring the concentration of the gas as it escapes due to a leak. Helium is used as a tracer gas because it is non-toxic, non-flammable, and non-condensable, and its atmospheric concentration is less than 5 ppm. Helium, as the second-smallest molecule in the periodic table, can flow through practically any defect or openings. Furthermore, because it does not react with other compounds, helium is relatively safe to use. To find and measure the leak, a mass spectrometer leak detector (MSLD), also known as a helium leak detector, is used.

4. Volumetric Imaging Technology

The OptiPac One-Touch Tool-less technology is intended for non-destructive leak detection of blister packages. To identify leaks, the OptiPac uses volumetric imaging technology to measure the motion of a blister package under vacuum. With new blister package formats, the interface is practical and straightforward to set up, requiring no tooling changeover or extensive parameter modifications as seen with previous non-destructive blister package integrity testing systems. The system collects volumetric data from each cavity, responding to variable cavity shapes, sizes, and configurations of various blister pack forms.

In conclusion, as the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries strive to ensure the highest standards of container closure integrity, it is evident that traditional blue dye testing alone may not be sufficient to detect all potential risks. Fortunately, cutting-edge container closure integrity (CCI) methods offer superior sensitivity, reliability, and efficiency, surpassing the limitations of blue dye testing.

In the pharmaceutical industry, ensuring the safety and integrity of drug products is of paramount importance. Contamination or compromise in the packaging of vials can lead to significant risks for both patients and manufacturers. Hence, meticulous quality assurance measures are implemented to guarantee that every vial meets the highest standards of quality.

One crucial aspect of quality control in vial production is Container Closure Integrity testing (CCIT). CCI inspection is a vital step to verify the hermetic sealing of vials, ensuring that no leaks or defects compromise the product's sterility or stability. Over the years, various technologies have emerged to improve CCI inspection processes, and one of the most advanced and sensitive methods available today is helium leak detection.

Testing Integrity of Vials using Helium Leak Detection Technology

Helium leak detection technology has revolutionized container closure integrity testing by providing highly sensitive and precise detection of leaks in vials. Helium leak detection can be understood as the process of identifying leaks in any closed or sealed system with the help of helium gas and measuring its concentration as it escapes due to leakage. Common applications of helium leak testing include pre-filled syringes, cold form blister packs, foil pouches and many other package formats. This technology can precisely determine integrity between specific primary container closure system components, making it an ideal choice for testing the integrity of pharmaceutical products.

This method utilizes helium gas, which has exceptional properties that make it an ideal tracer for leak detection purposes. By harnessing the unique characteristics of helium, manufacturers can perform comprehensive testing to identify even the smallest leaks, enhancing the overall integrity of vial packaging.

Why is Helium used as a Tracer Gas?

• Helium is used as a tracer gas because of certain unique qualities that make it ideal for leak testing.
• Non-toxic, non-condensable, non-flammable.
• Helium gas is inert, which means it does not interact with the components being tested.
• Since the atomic size of helium is very small, it can easily breach through pathways reliably and easily.
• Compared to other tracer gases, helium is less expensive and readily available.
• Its presence in the atmosphere is not more than ppm.

Technology Overview

The test process starts by introducing helium into the package, which is then subjected to a vacuum. The quantity of helium that escapes from the package is then measured using a helium leak detector, providing a quantitative measure known as the leak rate. In addition to leak testing, helium leak detection technology has proven to be effective for tasks such as package design, failure analysis, tooling qualification, packaging line setup and validation, and monitoring product quality. The use of helium leak detection in accordance with ASTM F2391 is a widely accepted and extensively utilized method in the pharmaceutical industry.

Overall, the adoption of helium leak detection revolutionizes CCI quality assurance, upholding high standards, and supports production quality monitoring at a higher more reliable level.

Packaging is a crucial aspect of the nutritional product industry, as it not only protects the product but also serves as a means to attract customers and communicate important information about the product. The packaging of nutritional products should be designed to preserve the quality, freshness and integrity of the product, while also being visually appealing, informative, and convenient for the consumer.

Nutritional product packaging can vary greatly depending on the type of product, its intended use, and the target market. Packaging materials can also play a significant role in the nutritional product industry, as they must be compatible with the product, safe for consumers, and sustainable. Some common packaging materials include plastic, glass, metal, and paper, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.

Most nutritional products are shelf-stable in nature; therefore, package performance is typically a concern. Chemical reactions occur naturally in all nutritional products. Any break or breach in the nutritional packing might lead to the products deteriorating due to air, moisture, and microbial exposure. Container closure integrity testing (CCIT) of nutritional products is vital to eliminating packaging defects and the possibility of product degradation. Read on to understand how PTI's VeriPac Flex Series guarantees the integrity of packaging for nutritional products.

Nutritional Package Inspection using VeriPac Flex System

VeriPac FLEX Systems are non-destructive inspection solutions for flexible packaging that deliver a clear PASS or FAIL as well as quantitative data that correlates to a leak rate. VeriPac FLEX Systems are available in several configurations for both the leak test instrument and the test chamber capacity to accommodate a wide range of package specifications and test sensitivity requirements, with solutions ranging from small format sachets and stick packs to very large bulk size pouches and bags.

They provide unparalleled sensitivity, reliability and practicality in testing a wide range of flexible package formats and is recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity testing. The VeriPac tester is used to detect leaks in packages and is connected to the appropriate FLEX chamber based on the package size. There are several VeriPac configurations available with different leak detection capabilities depending on the application. The integrated flexible test chamber (IFC) is used for sachets or stick packs with low headspace, while the Drawer Style test chamber (D-Series) is available in sevearl standard sizes for other package sizes. Automated platforms for the VeriPac FLEX technology are also available for automated robotic handling of the pouches.

The VeriPac FLEX systems are unique in that they use a flexible membrane that conforms to the package shape and size, preventing stress and damage to the film materials. Multiple packages can be tested at once in a single test cycle. Custom designs can also be manufactured for large package formats and bulk products.

Benefits of VeriPac Flex Series

The test method is deterministic and quantitative.

It is non-destructive, non-subjective, and requires no sample preparation.

The method can test multiple packages in a single test cycle.

It is a cost-effective method that offers a rapid return on investment.

The method supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives.

It simplifies the inspection and validation process.

The results are accurate and repeatable.

The method conforms to ASTM test method and FDA standard

Medical device package inspection is the process of evaluating the quality and integrity of the packaging of medical devices to ensure that they are safe for use. The packaging of medical devices is critical, as it protects the device from damage during shipping and handling, prevents contamination from external sources, and maintains the sterility of the device until it is used.

The package inspection process involves examining the packaging for any defects or damage that could compromise the integrity of the device. This includes checking for punctures, tears, or holes in the packaging material, as well as inspecting the seals and closures to ensure that they are secure and intact.

Medical device manufacturers are required to adhere to strict regulations and standards to certify that their packaging meets the necessary quality and safety requirements. Package integrity testing is an essential part of this process, as it helps identify any potential defects or issues with the packaging before the device reaches the end user.

Destructive vs Non-destructive Package Integrity Testing

Destructive package integrity testing involves damaging the package in some way to evaluate its integrity. This type of testing is typically more invasive and may not be suitable for products that need to be sold intact. An example of destructive package integrity testing is burst testing, where the package is subjected to internal pressure until it ruptures.

Non-destructive package integrity testing, on the other hand, involves evaluating the package's integrity without damaging it. This type of testing is typically less invasive and is more suitable for products that need to be sold intact. An example of non-destructive package integrity testing includes pressure decay testing, where a package is subjected to a pressure change and any leaks are detected by measuring the change in pressure.

Package Integrity Testing using Vacuum Decay Technology

Vacuum Decay is a non-destructive Container Closure Integrity Test (CCIT) that provides a definite pass/fail quantitative data along with dependable, reproducible, repeatable, and accurate results. The basic idea underlying Vacuum Decay technology is to question the integrity of containers based on their basic physical characteristics. Sample packages are first put into an evacuation test chamber that is tightly fitted and has an external vacuum source. A predetermined vacuum level is selected for the test based on the test sample and required level of sensitivity. The next step is to evacuate the test chamber and test system dead space for a certain amount of time. Differential pressure transducers are used to track changes in vacuum level over time. A pressure increase above the specified pass/fail limit indicates that the container is leaking.

Benefits of Vacuum Decay technology:

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation.
• Accurate, reliable, repeatable results.
• Definite pass/fail result based on quantitative test data.
• Accommodates multiple packaging formats.
• Eliminates destructive, subjective testing methods.
• Effective in detecting even minute leaks.

Packaging is an essential aspect of the meat snack product industry. Proper packaging helps maintain the quality, safety, and freshness of meat snack products, which is important for both consumer satisfaction and safety.

Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) Tray Packs are a popular packaging method for fresh beef, pork, and poultry products, as well as for many other processed meats. Modified Atmosphere Packaging is a packaging technique that involves altering the composition of the atmosphere inside a package to extend the shelf life of the product. The goal of MAP is to slow down the natural degradation process of food by reducing the amount of oxygen inside the packaging and increasing the number of other gases, such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide. MAP has been widely used in the food industry for many years and is particularly useful for fresh fruits, vegetables, and meats. By reducing the amount of oxygen in the package, the growth of bacteria and fungi is slowed down, which helps to preserve the quality of the product for a longer period of time.

Advantages of MAP include:

1. Extended shelf life: MAP can significantly increase the shelf life of perishable foods, reducing the risk of spoilage and food waste.

2. Improved food safety: By creating an environment that inhibits the growth of microorganisms, MAP can reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses.

3. Reduced need for preservatives: With a longer shelf life, there is less need for the addition of chemical preservatives, which can be harmful to health.

4. Maintained food quality: MAP can help maintain the color, texture, and flavor of the food, which improves customer satisfaction.

How to Ensure Package Integrity of Meat Products.

The integrity of meat snack products can be tested using various methods including visual inspection, microbiological testing, or other non-destructive Container Closure Integrity Test (CCIT) methods. In this blog we will discuss how Vacuum Decay technology can be used to test the integrity of meat products

Vacuum Decay is a test method that has been proven over decades and further improved with new technological innovations. It involves drawing vacuum on a package within a test chamber and monitoring the vacuum level for decay, which would indicate a leak. The method established itself as a non-destructive replacement to the water bath leak test. It provides significant savings by not wasting product on a leak test and generates a return on investment in under six months for many products.

Vacuum Decay's acceptance as a regulatory tool is evident, and continued development optimizes the technology so that it can do more, perform better, and perform faster. PTI’s next generation of improvements are not incremental improvements, but rather foundational shifts in how the technology will serve the food, pharmaceutical, and medical device industries.

The next generation of VeriPac test systems has undergone a technology overhaul across the product line, improving each model to better perform for their respective applications. Innovation in the field of vacuum decay has often been focused on improving the practicality and sensitivity of the test method. The next generation of VeriPac systems combine both technological innovation and practical adjustments to current technology to make it the most sensitive and versatile vacuum-based leak detection technology to date. Through the introduction of unique test cycles, pneumatic controls, and processing algorithms, the VeriPac Vacuum Decay Technology is establishing itself as the foremost vacuum-based leak detection technology.

Benefits of Vacuum Decay technology:

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation.
• Capable of detecting defects down to 0.05 ccm.
• Accurate, reliable, repeatable results.
• Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives.
• FDA recognized standard for package integrity testing .
• Accurate, reliable, repeatable results.
• ASTM test method F2338

Automated Container Closure Integrity Testing (CCIT) of pre-filled syringes is a critical quality control process that ensures the product inside the syringe remains safe and effective during its shelf life. Pre-filled syringes are used to package and deliver various injectable drugs, such as vaccines, insulin, and other biologics.

The container closure integrity of pre-filled syringes can be compromised due to various factors such as: microcracks, defects in the rubber stopper, or improper sealing. To detect any potential defects in pre-filled syringes, automated CCI testing is done. This testing involves subjecting the pre-filled syringe to multiple conditions to check for any leakage or breakage in the container or closure.

Automated CCI testing of pre-filled syringes can be done utilizing techniques such as vacuum decay, high voltage leak detection, and tracer gas detection. These methods involve the use of specialized equipment to subject the pre-filled syringe to certain conditions including vacuum, high voltage, or exposure to a tracer gas. Any potential leaks or breakages in the container or closure can be detected by monitoring the pressure or electrical conductivity changes, or by the presence of the tracer gas

Automated CCI testing is crucial to ensure the safety and efficacy of pre-filled syringes. It is a reliable and efficient way of detecting potential defects in pre-filled syringes and ensuring that only products which meet the required quality standards are released to the market.

CCI Testing using E-Scan RTX

The E-Scan RTX platform is PTI’s fully automated, modular container closure integrity testing solution for pre-filled syringes. The RTX is a practical and reliable CCI solution that features a dynamic robotic design, tailored to fit your production requirements. This robust, adaptable platform utilizes MicroCurrent HVLD technology, a revolutionary form of HVLD that is the ideal CCI solution for high-risk, delicate biologic liquids. It provides a rapid PASS/FAIL result – its test cycle is only seconds – and is suitable for batch release testing, in line on production or in the lab.

PTI’s MicroCurrent HVLD technology uses a unique mode of DC voltage, applying no more than 50% of the voltage used on conventional high-voltage technologies. The nature of the PTI solution allows for the detection of leaks in packages with liquids of extreme low conductivities, including packages containing sterile water. The low voltage and current applied to the container also reduce the voltage the product is exposed to during the test. This technological advantage makes it the ideal solution for all parenteral and biologic solutions.

Benefits of E-Scan RTX

• MicroCurrent HVLD technology is effective across all parenteral products, including biologics and extremely low conductivity liquids including sterile water (WFI).
• Listed in USP Chapter 1207 as the recommended method for parenteral liquid package inspection.
• Robust method and good Signal-Noise-Ratio between good and defective products.
• Low voltage exposure reduces production of ozone.

PTI is a group of researchers, engineers, and professionals who are dedicated to enhancing the overall package quality experience over the course of the packaging lifecycle. To ensure container closure integrity, PTI has created and developed a number of inspection technology platforms. Each technology is based on the principle that there cannot be a test method without a valid test method. The technology solutions provided by PTI are centred on container closure integrity and give a deterministic measurement of package performance needed by critical applications. By delivering package performance data from the development stage to in-production online package inspection, the solutions are widely utilized to address a variety of packaging design and material difficulties.

List of CCI and Package Integrity Techniques Offered by PTI:

1. Vacuum Decay Technology

Vacuum Decay is one of the most practical and sensitive vacuum-based leak detection techniques. This test provides the most accurate, repeatable, and reliable quantitative results, along with a pass/fail determination. The ASTM F2338 standard vacuum decay test method was developed using PTI’s VeriPac instruments. Additionally, it is recognized in the United States Pharmacopeia Chapter on CCI and classified in ISO 11607. The non-destructive container closure integrity testing (CCIT) method from VeriPac can use a differential pressure or absolute pressure transducer leak test device to find package leaks and undetectable defects.

2. Microcurrent HVLD Technology

PTI packaging and inspection systems transformed the traditional HVLD method and offered a new technology for assessing the integrity of all parenteral and biological products, including low conductivity liquids such as sterile water for injection (WFI). When compared to standard HVLD solutions, this innovative technology, known as Microcurrent HVLD, uses approximately 50% less voltage and exposes the product and environment to less than 5% of that voltage. The Microcurrent HVLD test method may detect and locate pinholes, micro-cracks, stopper/plunger leaks, non-visible leaks under crimping, and a variety of other defects.

3. Helium Leak Detection Technology

Helium leak testing is the process of identifying leaks in various enclosed or sealed systems by utilizing helium as a "tracer" gas and measuring the concentration of the gas as it escapes as a result of a leak. Because it is non-toxic, non-flammable, non-condensable, and its atmospheric concentration is less than 5 ppm, helium is utilized as a tracer gas. Helium can pass through almost any cracks or openings since it is the second-smallest molecule in the periodic table. Additionally, helium is relatively safe to use because it does not react with other substances. This method uses a mass spectrometer leak detector (MSLD), also known as a helium leak detector, to locate and measure the leak.

4. Airborne Ultrasound Technology

PTI's proprietary Airborne Ultrasound technique is a non-destructive, non-invasive seal quality inspection method. Airborne Ultrasound technology offers thorough seal quality studies and is applicable to a wide range of packaging materials, including: Tyvek, paper, foil, film, aluminium, plastic, and poly. Defects of many forms, visible and invisible, leaking and non-leaking, process-related and random, can be detected. Airborne Ultrasound technology is an ASTM Test Method F3004 and an FDA-approved standard for testing seal quality.

5. Volumetric Imaging Technology

The OptiPac One-Touch Tool-less technology is intended for non-destructive leak detection of blister packages. To identify leaks, the OptiPac uses volumetric imaging technology to measure the motion of a blister package under vacuum. With new blister package formats, the interface is practical and straightforward to set up, requiring no tooling changeover or extensive parameter modifications as seen with previous non-destructive blister package inspection systems. The system collects volumetric data from each cavity, responding to variable cavity shapes, sizes, and configurations of various blister pack forms.

6. Force Decay Technology

Force Decay is a quantitative package integrity testing approach that is well-suited for low-headspace packaging. Non-porous materials, such as films, laminates, or foils, can be used in packaging formats. It does not harm or modify the sample packages because it is a non-destructive test method. When the test is finished, the packages can be returned to the batch without being discarded. The 410's force decay technology can measure force from a package's surface deflection during a conventional vacuum-based test cycle. VeriPac 410 force decay technology has been validated on a variety of package types, including: blister packs, transdermal patch sachets, and low headspace suture packs.

PTI’s continuous technology development has brought more technology and measurement solutions to market under one brand. Whether it be helium leak detection, high voltage leak detection, airborne ultrasound, or a vacuum-based solution, PTI - Science of Quality is the think tank you can rely on to provide the highest level of technology solutions for package quality. PTI continues to build on our journey, and we look forward to supporting you on yours.

Biological drug products are complex, large-molecule drugs that are derived from living organisms or their components. They are designed to mimic, augment or replace the function of naturally occurring molecules in the body. These drugs are often produced through biotechnology, which involves manipulating living cells to produce specific proteins or other molecules.

Examples of biological drug products include monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, vaccines, and gene therapies. These drugs are used to treat a wide range of diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and genetic diseases.

Biological drug products are often more expensive than traditional small-molecule drugs because they are more complex to manufacture, require specialized facilities, and are subject to rigorous testing and regulatory requirements. However, they can also provide more targeted and effective treatments for certain conditions.

Package integrity testing is an essential part of ensuring the safety and efficacy of biologics. Any damage or compromise to the packaging of biologics can lead to degradation or contamination, which can impact their efficacy and safety. The choice of method depends on the specific biologic being packaged, the type of packaging used, and the regulatory requirements. It is important to perform Container Closure Integrity tests (CCIT) solutions. at multiple stages of the manufacturing process to ensure that the biologic remains safe and effective from production to patient use.

CCI Testing of Biologics using E-Scan MicroCurrent HVLD

The E-Scan 655 is a revolutionary deterministic offline micro leak test instrument that utilizes a new class of HVLD technology to inspect vials, syringes, and other liquid filled parenteral products for container closure integrity. The E-Scan 655 technology is a MicroCurrent conductivity test method, HVLDmc, that is completely non-destructive to the container and product; exposing the package and product to lower voltage than other conductivity-based solutions.

The E-Scan MicroCurrent HVLD technology is often used in the pharmaceutical industry for detecting leaks in parenteral drug products, such as vials and syringes. E-Scan MicroCurrent HVLD technology is considered to be a reliable and efficient method for leak detection, ensuring the integrity of the drug product and patient safety.

The technology uses a non-contact and non-invasive test method that requires no sample preparation. The E-Scan 655 features a fast test cycle and simple operation. Additional benefits include quick changeover and easy recipe setup to accommodate a wide range of products and applications. E-Scan MicroCurrent HVLD technology can be migrated from laboratory to 100% inline production applications.

Benefits of E-Scan MicroCurrent HVLD

• Non-destructive, non-invasive, no sample preparation.
• High level of repeatability and accuracy
• Effective across all parenteral products, including extremely low conductivity liquids (WFI).
• Lower voltage exposure produces no ozone, eliminating risk to the product and environment
• Listed in USP Chapter <1207> as recommended method for parenteral liquid package inspection.
• Robust method and approximate 3x Signal-Noise-Ratio for a wide range of product classes and package formats.
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process.

To ensure container closure integrity, PTI - Packaging Technologies & Inspection, with headquarters in Hawthorne, New York, has created and developed seven different inspection technology platforms. The technology solutions provided by PTI are centered on container closure integrity and give a deterministic measurement of package performance needed by critical applications.

Overview of technologies offered by PTI

• Vacuum Decay technology for pharmaceutical package inspection.
• Airborne Ultrasound technology for seal quality testing and analysis.
• MicroCurrent HVLD technology for high-risk parenteral applications.
• OptiPac volumetric imaging inspection technology for blister packaging.
• Automated container closure integrity testing CCIT solutions.

Industry Applications of PTI Technologies 1. Pharmaceutical

While operating under heightened legal and regulatory scrutiny, the pharmaceutical industry continues to be at the forefront of innovation in the domains of new drugs and drug delivery techniques. It is crucial that these products have extremely sterile packaging because they are used for life-saving purposes and must be completely free of contaminants for the duration of their shelf life until they reach the patient. PTI Inspection Systems' tools for testing pharmaceutical packaging are the most sensitive, dependable, and effective. PTI technologies produce quantitative test result information and are deterministic, non-destructive test methods.

2. Biotech

The biotech sector encompasses a wide range of medical techniques, including tissue regeneration, genetic editing, and stem cell therapy. Parenteral packaging, such as pre-filled syringes, vials, IV bags, and other single-use bags, are generally used to package these medications. Testing the integrity of container closures is crucial for guaranteeing the quality of all biologics, especially parenterals. PTI's technologies are the most dependable and trustworthy options available for pharmaceutical and biotech packaging applications where the results have a significant impact on stability tests, clinical trials, production performance, and patient safety.

3. Medical device

The medical device sector is critical to the health care system since it is involved in the delivery of numerous health care services. Over the last few decades, remarkable advances in medical technology have posed a challenge to the medical device packaging industr in terms of ensuring packaging quality and reliability. Although assessing package quality is crucial for all medical devices, it is especially critical for Class III medical device products. Therefore appropriate package integrity testing technologies are needed to ensure standardized packaging quality.

4. Nutrition

The nutritional market is progressive and dynamic and nutritional packages play a vital role in delivering the product safely. Most of the nutritional products are shelf-stable in nature and this is often the function of package performance. All nutritional products are subject to innate chemical reactions. Products deteriorate with the exposure to oxygen, moisture and bacteria. PTI has decades of experience designing technologies to inspect food and nutrition packages in the most efficient way possible while ensuring package and product quality. PTI is a pioneer in meeting the needs of infant nourishment packaging applications as well as the demanding specifications of this high-risk product.

PTI provides a comprehensive range of technologies for the industries indicated above. However, it is important to note that there are no one-size-fits-all solutions. Technologies that work in one field may not work in another. As a result, before finalizing any technology, manufacturers should assess industry requirements.

PTI - Packaging Technologies & Inspection - is a group of scientists, engineers, and packaging professionals who are working to improve the overall package quality experience throughout the packaging lifecycle.

To ensure container closure integrity, PTI has designed and developed seven different inspection technology platforms. Each technology is based on the idea that there cannot be a test method without a valid test method. The technology solutions provided by PTI are centred on container closure integrity testing and give a deterministic measurement of package performance needed by critical applications. By delivering package performance data from the development stage through to in-production online package inspection, the solutions are widely utilized to address a variety of packaging design and material difficulties. PTI offers services and consulting in package inspection technologies, container closure integrity and test methods for most of the package types.

List of Services Offered by PTI:

1. Feasibility Studies

The first step in assessing and choosing the optimal CCI technology and test technique for a particular application are feasibility studies. To examine and verify the performance and quality of a package, various test methods are available. The main goal of the feasibility study is to assess the client's application and identify the best inspection technology that will deliver the most precise, sensitive, and reliable data for conclusive package integrity verification.

Clients receive a clear report of a quantitative test technique from PTI's feasibility studies for container closure integrity testing (CCIT) and package quality inspection, which confirm the suggested strategy as it applies to a particular package format. Both positive control samples with certified defects and tested good test samples are used. The technology solution, a specific leak test technique, test settings, test result information, and acceptance criteria are all detailed in the report. The report on PTI's feasibility studies outlines a clear path from the client's problem description to the quantitative test methodologies and findings, as well as how to guarantee package integrity by validating a suggested strategy in relation to a particular package format.

2. Test Method Consulting

Engineers, scientists, and other specialists on PTI's staff are experts in developing test methods, consulting on them, and conducting feasibility studies for a range of applications. The report on PTI's feasibility studies outlines a clear path from the client's problem description to the quantitative test methodologies and findings, as well as how to guarantee package integrity by validating a suggested strategy in relation to a particular package format.

3. Technical Support

PTI service specialists offer remote help via a variety of virtual channels in addition to on-site service. Installation, calibration, training, and upgrades are among the remotely offered services of PTI. The GTS staff can adapt to your demands regarding service schedule. Installations, validation, and after-sale support and maintenance are all skills, our staff have received training in. This network provides services to a varied range of markets around the world.

The ability of container closure systems to maintain a sterile barrier against potential contaminants that could lower the quality of the finished product can be understood as container closure integrity. External contaminants may enter the product through even the smallest leak or breach of the sterile barrier, impairing its capacity to perform as expected. Despite being popular leak testing techniques, dye ingress and microbial ingress have been shown to produce results that are often inaccurate and subjective. Deterministic test methodologies that can be controlled, calibrated, and provide a firm determination of CCI have therefore been encouraged by regulatory bodies.

Vacuum Decay is a non-destructive container closure integrity testing (CCIT) method for detecting leak paths and package integrity. The test method is simple in principle and challenges container integrity based on fundamental physical properties. This test provides a quantitative result that is accurate, repeatable, reproducible, and reliable with a pass/fail determination.

Our line of non-destructive VeriPac package testing equipment is backed by the tradition of excellence and performance reliability that PTI brings. The FDA acknowledges the standard Vacuum Decay leak test method (ASTM F2338), which was created using PTI's VeriPac instruments, as a consensus standard for testing container closure integrity (CCI). The test method is referenced in the United States Pharmacopeia Chapter on CCI and listed in ISO 11607 (USP Chapter 1207). The test is conducted by drawing vacuum on a package inside of a test chamber, and the vacuum level is checked for any decay that might signify a leak. The technique has established itself as a non-destructive substitute for the water bath leak test. By avoiding product waste for a leak test, it offers significant savings and, for many products, achieves return on investment in less than six months.

Industry Applications:

1. Pharmaceutical Industry

Pharmaceutical manufacturers prioritize quality control and package integrity because defects in pharmaceutical product manufacturing can directly affect drug quality. Even minor defects in the packaging or container may allow outside elements or contaminants to enter the drug. A manufacturer prioritizes implementing the proper container closure system because it affects both the product and the patient. CCI testing is a non-destructive package inspection technology for detecting leaks and avoiding potential contamination. The regulatory bodies take CCI's negligence very seriously. The guidelines support deterministic, dependable test methods for measuring industry-wide quality standards.

2. Food and Nutrition Industry

Packaging is crucial to today's food and nutrition industry. Packaging serves a variety of purposes, including product safety, brand awareness, product promotion, product protection and product delivery. Food and nutrition products are packaged so that they stay fresh for the entire shelf life. However, the challenges associated with packaging food and nutrition products have increased due to frequent innovations in packaging formats and the move towards sustainable packaging materials.

In order to ensure that the products are free from any type of contamination or defect, manufacturers are encouraged to perform appropriate package integrity tests. Various Container Closure Integrity Testing techniques are now available on the market to guarantee the quality and sterility of packages for the duration of their shelf life or until they are delivered to the consumer. Vacuum Decay technology and Airborne Ultrasound technology, among other methods, are very useful in food and nutrition package inspection.

Benefits of Vacuum Decay Technology

• Non-destructive, non-invasive, no sample preparation
• Accurate, reliable, repeatable results
• Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives
• FDA recognized standard for package integrity testing
• ASTM test method F2338

Contact lenses are invaluable visual correction devices that are a normal part of our daily life. Most contact lens solutions clean, disinfect, lubricate, and remove protein deposits from the lens while matching certain chemical properties of the ocular area. While these solutions may disinfect, similar properties to ocular fluids and increasing resilience of new bacterial and fungal strains make contamination a greater concern. Any breach or micro leak in the container closure greatly increases the risk of contamination of the contact lens solution.

Package defects are the primary cause of contaminated eye care solutions. While visual inspection and leak testing can detect many container failure modes in an uncapped container, minor inaccuracies or marks in the flange area allow bacteria and fungi to enter the product. This is the most common and difficult container defect to detect, since it remains hidden beneath the cap once applied.

Aside from visual inspection issues, liquid-filled packages present a variety of leak testing challenges, including low head space. PTI's Vacuum Decay leak testing technology capable of detecting defects as small as 5 microns in both liquid and air-filled containers. The method is ASTM certified and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) consensus standard, removing false positives and subjective results associated with manual visual inspection.

Testing Contact Lenses using VeriPac 410 Technology

The VeriPac 410 is a Container Closure Integrity Test (CCIT) that provides non-destructive seal and leak detection for low headspace blister packs, sachets, and pouches. To determine package integrity in multi-cavity blister packs and low head space packaging, a variety of test methods are used, the majority of which are destructive, subjective, and unreliable.

To detect defective packages, the VeriPac 410 employs a combination of Vacuum Decay technology and differential force measurement. The 410 can test multiple packages in a single test cycle, depending on the package specifications. The VeriPac 410 can also determine which package or blister cavity is faulty. The results of the tests are quantitative and provide operators with a clear pass/fail result.

Package quality assurance is achieved using precise, dependable, non-destructive inspection methods that eliminate subjectivity from the testing process. The VeriPac 410 enables tested products to be returned to the production line, reducing the cost and waste associated with destructive leak testing methods. VeriPac 410 covers all aspects of low volume flexible and semi-flexible package leak testing. The VeriPac 410's ROI makes it a powerful solution for the pharmaceutical industry.

Benefits of VeriPac 410 Technology

• Non-destructive, non-invasive, no sample preparation
• Non-subjective, accurate and repeatable results
• Capability to test multiple packages in a single test cycle
• Identifies which package is defective
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process
• Supports sustainable packaging initiatives
• ASTM test method and FDA standard
• Cost effective with rapid return on investment

The ability to evaluate the possibility of the container closure system to maintain a sterile barrier or to prevent leakage is a vital step in determining the safety and suitability of primary packaging. The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) implement strict guidelines for container closure integrity testing (CCIT) as the driving factors behind safety examination of materials and closure systems in the US.

Historically, the two most common procedures for testing container closure integrity were dye immersion and microbial immersion (both probabilistic tests). In 2016, USP provided recommendations stating that deterministic methods are favored over probabilistic methods for CCIT because they produce reliable and predictable findings at low detection limits.

Non-Destructive CCI Test Methods Offered by PTI

1. Vacuum Decay Technology

Vacuum Decay has been substantiated as one of the most practical and sensitive vacuum-based leak detection methods. This test provides a quantitative result that is reliable, reproducible, and accurate, as well as a pass or fail judgement. PTI's VeriPac equipment was used to produce the ASTM F2338 standard vacuum decay test procedure. It is also recognized in the United States Pharmacopeia Chapter on CCI and is classified in ISO 11607. Using an absolute pressure or differential pressure transducer leak test device, VeriPac's non-destructive technology can detect package leaks and unseen defects.

2. Volumetric Imaging Technology

The OptiPac One-Touch Tool-less technology is intended for non-destructive leak detection in blister packages. To identify leaks, the OptiPac employs volumetric imaging technology to measure the motion of a blister package under vacuum. With new blister package formats, the interface is practical and straightforward to set up, requiring no tooling changeover or extensive parameter modifications as seen with previous non-destructive blister package inspection systems. The system collects volumetric data from each cavity, responding to variable cavity shapes, sizes, and configurations of various blister pack forms.

2. MicroCurrent HVLD Technology

PTI packaging and inspection systems transformed the traditional HVLD method and offered a game-changing new technology for assessing the integrity of all parenteral and biological products, including low conductivity liquids such as sterile water for injection (WFI). When compared to standard HVLD solutions, this innovative technology known as MicroCurrent HVLD uses approximately 50% less voltage and exposes the product and environment to less than 5% of the voltage. The Microcurrent HVLD test method may detect and locate pinholes, micro-cracks, stopper/plunger leaks, non-visible leaks under crimping, and a variety of other faults.

PTI provides package leak testing, seal integrity testing, and container closure integrity testing systems (CCIT). Our technologies eliminate subjectivity from package testing and employ ASTM-compliant test methodologies. The inspection technologies developed by PTI are deterministic test procedures that generate quantitative test result data.

A contract development and manufacturing organization (CDMO) is a company that provides drug development and manufacturing services. Pharmaceutical companies collaborate with CDMOs to outsource drug development and manufacturing. CDMOs can handle the entire process of medication research and production, and they also deal with clients who want to outsource specific steps in their workflow and manufacturing.

Pharmaceutical businesses increasingly depend on CDMOs to handle the complicated requirements of drug research and production. Having a CDMO partner can be a great resource with many advantages for pharmaceutical companies to focus their efforts and resources on initiatives that move their company forward, whether it's navigating the highly regulated drug development framework required by the FDA or scaling production to meet deadlines and demand.

Quality assurance is a key concern for prospective clients when choosing a CDMO because strict quality control procedures are what makes the difference when it comes to protecting a product on its journey to the patient.

The packaging of a drug is a crucial element in preserving its quality since it protects both the product and the manufacturer's commitment to patient safety throughout the product's life cycle till delivery. Container closure integrity testing (CCIT), in accordance with USP 1207>, provides confirmation of a package's capacity to prevent loss and maintain product sterility. ¹ However, a lack of knowledge of CCIT could put a CDMO at a disadvantage when compared to rivals that have adopted advanced CCIT solutions that cater to the particular needs of the goods of their clients. As a result, it's critical that CDMOs have a thorough understanding of CCIT.

Container Closure Integrity Testing Methods Offered by PTI.

Pharmaceutical packaging innovation has paved the way for a diverse range of advanced technologies and materials that enable drug manufacturers to design container and closure systems based on the unique properties of their products.

Traditional leak testing methods, such as the dye ingress leak test and the water bath, have been commonly used methods, but their test results are highly subjective. Since some items, like cell and gene therapy treatments, are only produced in small amounts, manufacturers cannot take the chance of the dye ingress leak test being detrimental to the product itself.

Probabilistic methods rely on a series of sequential and/or simultaneous events, each associated with uncertainties, yielding random outcomes described by probability distributions. On the other hand, deterministic approaches produce objective quantitative data by following a predetermined course of events, and leakage is detected using physiochemical technologies that are simple to regulate and monitor. PTI offers a wide range of non-destructive container closure integrity test methods applicable across a wide range of industries.

 

PTI's goal is to help our clients succeed by delivering on the promise of science through exceptional CCIT solutions. Life-changing products rely on dependable, high-quality delivery systems that can withstand the rigors of the journey from the lab to the patient.

That is why our experts are committed to providing strong CCIT through exceptional engineering and an organizational drive to achieve our own purpose and mission. We recognize the importance of our role in delivering safe and effective products and are excited about the opportunity to collaborate with you to advance the future of medicine.

Testing the integrity of blister packages is essential to guarantee that the packaging safeguards the contents from oxygen, moisture or contaminants. Packaging keeps the product safe and functional by preventing air ingress.

Probabilistic test methodologies have been widely used to conduct blister package integrity tests, such as the blue dye test method. These tests rely on a range of sequential or simultaneous events, each with random results that are characterized by probability distributions. In order to acquire relevant results, it is necessary to use large sample sizes and strict test condition controls because the findings are related to uncertainty. Studies have also revealed the unreliability of such testing, which frequently fails to detect leaks that could endanger the quality of a product.

As a result, it is preferable that the integrity test method be deterministic. The leakage event being detected or measured in this type of test method is based on phenomena that follow a predictable chain of events. Helium leak detection is an example of a deterministic, highly sensitive method.

What is Helium Leak Detection Technology?

Helium Leak Detection Technology is a Container Closure Integrity test (CCIT) method found to be highly effective in evaluating the integrity of a wide range of complex pharmaceutical and parenteral products. Helium leak detection can be understood as the process of identifying leaks in any closed or sealed system with the help of helium gas and measuring its concentration as it escapes due to leakage. Common applications of helium leak testing include pre-filled syringes, cold form blister packs, foil pouches and many other package formats. The technique uses helium as a tracer gas and its concentration is measured as it escapes through the leaks. Under this method, the package is helium filled and subjected to vacuum. The amount of helium escaping the package is quantitatively measured and stated as a leak rate.

Why is Helium used as a Tracer Gas?

Helium is used as a tracer gas because of certain unique qualities that make it ideal for leak testing.

• Non-toxic, non-condensable, non-flammable.
• Helium gas is inert, which means it does not interact with the components being tested.
• Since the atomic size of helium is small, it can easily breach through pathways reliably and easily.
• Compared to other tracer gases, helium is less expensive and readily available.
• Its presence in the atmosphere is not more than 5ppm.

Technology Overview

The procedure begins with filling the package with helium, after which vacuum is applied within a chamber. The amount of helium escaping from the package is then quantified using a helium leak detector. This is then referred to as the leak rate. Helium leak detection technology is also suitable for package design, failure analysis, tooling qualification, packaging line setup and validation, and product quality monitoring, in addition to leak testing. ASTM F2391 helium leak detection is a well-established method recognized and widely used in the pharmaceutical industry.

Applications of Helium Leak Testing

• Ensuring Container Closure Integrity.
• Selecting closure formulation and configuration.
• Seal integrity monitoring during stability studies.
• Extremely valuable in early-stage pharmaceutical product package system development.

It is critical that medical fluid bags and valves do not leak. IV bags, blood bags, and drainage collection bags are all examples of medical fluid bags. IV bags contain electrolytes and medications that flow from the bag into the patient's vein via a tube and a needle to provide them with life-sustaining fluids. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) have established strict guidelines for testing container closure systems in order to ensure the safety of sterile products like IV bags. Testing these bags for leaks is critical because leaks can risk the overall sterility of the container and thus user safety.

IV Bags Testing using VeriPac 455 Series

VeriPac Vacuum Decay technology is regarded as a highly effective method for evaluating the integrity of liquid filled IV bags. This technology is recommended by UPS 1207 and is an FDA (Food and Drug Administration) consensus standard for Container Closure Integrity testing (CCIT) of high-risk package applications with fast, repeatable and reliable test results that provide quantitative and deterministic quality assurance. Being a non-destructive technique, Vacuum Decay offers a greater understanding of the packages and reduces waste. Irrespective of the defect location, this technology system can pick up both large and small defects. Additionally, PTI VeriPac system ensures leak detection and eliminates false positives by providing quantitative test data.

IV bags can be evaluated effectively using VeriPac 455 leak detection system. It is a non-destructive, non-invasive method that requires no sample preparation. Apart from package integrity testing, VeriPac 455 can be used for stability studies, clinical trial studies, quality assurance testing and production statistical process control (SPC).

Technology Overview

Under this method, a test chamber that is specifically designed to hold the package being evaluated is connected to the VeriPac 455 leak tester. The package is placed inside the test chamber to which vacuum is applied. The test chamber is observed for both vacuum level and change during a defined test time using the dual transducer technology. The presence of leaks and defects within the package is identified by monitoring changes in absolute and differential vacuum. VeriPac 455 series is designed for manual or automatic operation, and it is suitable for laboratory offline testing and QA/QC statistical process control.

Benefits of VeriPac 455 Series

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Defect detection down to 0.01 cc/min
• Highest level of sensitivity, repeatability and accuracy
• Results proven superior to dye ingress
• Deterministic, quantitative test method
• Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives
• ASTM test method and FDA standard

There are certain aspects that need to be maintained regardless of whether you operate in the food packaging sector or the pharmaceutical products manufacturing industry to ensure that a quality product will be provided to the clients. Package integrity testing is required for items that must be packaged so that they can be sterilized and maintained sterile for a defined amount of time, throughout the product lifecycle.

Package Integrity Testing Using VeriPac 455

The VeriPac 455 is a non-destructive, non-invasive, and highly sensitive Container Closure Integrity Testing (CCIT) method that may be implemented into protocols at any stage of the handling process. Stability research, clinical trial investigations, quality assurance testing, and production statistical process control are examples of applications for this technology (SPC). Leak rates as low as 0.05 cc/min can be found with the VeriPac 455. Results have consistently outperformed and outperformed the dye ingress test in terms of accuracy.

The VeriPac 455 core technology is based on the ASTM vacuum decay leak test method (F2338-09) recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity testing. This test method was developed using VeriPac leak test instruments. The VeriPac 455 is equipped with the patented PERMA-Vac dual vacuum transducer technology, which increases test sensitivity and yields reproducible, dependable results.

Additionally, the VeriPac 455 contains major improvements in networking and internet access that enable remote operation, system monitoring, and MES integration. Test systems can be built to operate automatically or manually. This inspection method is appropriate for QA/QC statistical process control and laboratory offline testing. The test cycle only lasts a few seconds, the results are objective, and the testing is non-destructive to the product and the package.

Inspection Criteria

• Measures seal integrity of entire container or package
• Measures and verifies container closure system integrity
• Tests for gas leaks for dry products (lyophilized vials, powder filled)
• Tests for liquid leaks (liquid filled vials, pre-filled syringes)

Benefits

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Defect detection down to 0.01 cc/min
• Highest level of sensitivity, repeatability and accuracy
• Results proven superior to dye ingress
• Deterministic, quantitative test method
• Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives
• ASTM test method F2338 and FDA standard for package integrity testing
• Vacuum Decay technology referenced in USP 1207 guidelines

Medical devices being extremely sensitive to moisture and oxygen ingress, ensuring their sterility is of paramount importance. Such sterile products are often packaged, transported and distributed to different locations that can expose the package to various humidity levels throughout the distribution cycle. Porous packaging materials are often used by medical device manufacturers for packaging sterile devices. Therefore, maintaining the microbial barrier of porous packages is very crucial.

Read on to know more about the technologies offered by PTI for evaluating the integrity of porous packages, thereby maintaining sterility and microbial barrier.

Porous Package Integrity Techniques:

1. VeriPac Series

Vacuum decay is a test method that has been proven over decades and improved with new technology innovations. PTI has developed Vacuum Decay technology using VeriPac instruments that are recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for container closure integrity testing (CCIT) and are listed in ISO 11607 and USP Chapter 1207.

VeriPac test systems can be used to inspect a wide range of packaging formats flexible, rigid and semi-rigid packaging. Since this technology is non-destructive, non-subjective and requires no sample preparation, it significantly reduces costs and product waste. VeriPac inspection systems use cutting-edge innovation to provide repeatable, more sensitive, and more robust detection of defects. Apart from container closure integrity testing, VeriPac test systems can be used for stability studies, clinical trials, quality assurance testing and statistical process control (SPC).

Technology Overview

The test begins by connecting VeriPac leak testers to specially designed test chambers. The packages to be tested are placed inside the test chamber and a vacuum is applied. The single or dual vacuum transducer technology is used to monitor the test chamber for both the level of vacuum as well as the change in vacuum over a predetermined test time. The presence of a leak is indicated by a change in an absolute and differential vacuum. VeriPac test systems can be designed for manual or automatic operation.

 

Benefits of VeriPac Series

• Deterministic, quantitative test method
• Defect detection down to 0.034 cc/min
• Highest level of repeatability and accuracy
• Cost effective with rapid return on investment
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process
• Results proven superior to dye ingress
• ASTM test method and FDA standard
• USP <1207> Compliant

2. Airborne Ultrasound Technology

Airborne Ultrasound technology has established itself as a highly practical solution for non-destructive testing of porous packages. This technology can be applied for 100% defect detection of package seals along with seal quality testing and analysis.

Airborne Ultrasound technology makes use of ultrasound waves to identify defects in package seals. When high-frequency sound waves are passed through the package seal, it causes reflections of sound waves. Variations in signal strength are monitored closely to detect defects. Airborne Ultrasound technology's wide range of applications including Tyvek, paper, foil, film, aluminum, plastic and poly make it a practical option for seal integrity testing across different industries.

PTI has redefined seal integrity testing with its latest improvements in the form of Seal Scan (Offline) and Seal-Sensor (automated online seal inspection). Both these technologies utilize non-contact airborne ultrasonic testing technology. With the advancements in form of Seal Scan and Seal-Sensor, Airborne Ultrasound technology has been proven to be the most effective method for non-destructive seal integrity testing, in both offline laboratory testing for seal quality analysis and 100% inline testing on the production line.

Advantages of PTI’s Seal Scan and Seal Sensor Method:

• Deterministic seal quality inspection method that produces quantitative results.
• This method works for any material type and combinations regardless of color, transparency, print, surface finish or porosity.
• Non-destructive and non-subjective test method that requires no sample preparation.
• Technology can be integrated for 100% online defect detection of the final pouch seal.
• Repeatable, reproducible and reliable results for seal quality inspection.
• Cost-effective solution for seal integrity testing and seal analysis that characterizes overall quality and uniformity of the seal.
• ASTM Test Method F3004 and FDA recognized standard for seal quality inspection

Blister packs are pre-formed packaging that are commonly used for tablets, capsules and certain consumer goods. They are made up of two primary components - a cavity made from a form of plastic or aluminum and a covering made from aluminum, paper or a lamination of soft foil. The cavity holds the product while the covering seals the product in the package.

While filling tablets into blister packs, the product is first fed into the desired cavities followed by sealing the cavity covering. Manufacturers of sterile pharmaceuticals highly depend on package integrity testing to verify product quality and safety.

Package Inspection Techniques

1. OptiPac Leak Detection System

OptiPac Leak Detection System is a non-destructive container closure integrity testing method developed specifically for multi-cavity blister packs. This leak detection method uses One-Touch Technology to achieve a rapid test cycle without requiring any changeover or sample preparation. Practical operation, sensitivity and reliability are the key features that make OptiPac technology ideal for blister package inspection.

To conduct the test, the operator places the blister pack on the test plate and presses the start button. The next step involves pulling vacuum to the desired vacuum level. The blisters expand under vacuum, driving air out of the blister through any leaks present. If the pack is defective, the air escapes into the chamber leaving a collapsed blister cavity. Depending on the blister cavity, OptiPac technology provides rapid detection of upto sub-5-micron defects. Additionaally, the technology displays a definitive pass/fail result along with quantitative measurement for each package tested.

2. VeriPac 410 Series

The VeriPac 410 inspection system utilizes a combination of Vacuum Decay technology and differential force measurement for container closure integrity test (CCIT) and leak detection of blister packs, sachets, and pouches with low headspace, such as transdermal patch packaging and suture packs. This technology can be used to test multiple packages in a single test cycle based on the package specifications. Additionally, it can also precisely identify which package or blister cavity is defective. VeriPac 410 inspection systems are proven to provide quantitative test results with a definitive pass/fail result. Being a non-destructive technique, VeriPac 410 allows tested products to be returned to the production line. This eliminates the cost and waste associated with destructive leak test methods. The ROI for the VeriPac 410 makes this a powerful solution for the pharmaceutical industry.

Benefits of VeriPac 410 Series

• Non-destructive, non-invasive, no sample preparation
• Non-subjective, accurate and repeatable results
• Capability to test multiple packages in a single test cycle
• Identifies which package is defective
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process
• Supports sustainable packaging initiatives
• ASTM test method and FDA standard
• Cost effective with rapid return on investment
• Scalable to automated inline testing.

The role of packaging in the secure delivery of nutritional products to the end-user can never be overlooked. Packaging determines the quality and safety of the contents that reach the customer. Most nutritional products are oxygen-sensitive in nature, therefore package performance is a common cause of concern. Defects in packaging can allow air, moisture, and microorganisms to enter the products, making it unfit for consumption. This is why manufacturers stress package integrity testing of nutritional products before they are dispatched. For testing the integrity of nutritional packages, PTI has developed two technologies: Vacuum Decay and Airborne Ultrasound.

Package Inspection Techniques Offered by PTI

1. Airborne Ultrasound Technology

Airborne Ultrasound is a non-destructive seal quality inspection test method used primarily for evaluating seal quality. Such tests offer enhanced seal quality inspection of pouches, flexible packages and tray seals. Airborne Ultrasound technology has proven capability of providing deterministic, reliable and accurate test results across a wide range of packaging materials including Tyvek, paper, foil, film, aluminum, plastic and poly. It is an ASTM Test Method F3004 and FDA Recognized Standard for seal quality testing.

Airborne Ultrasound technology utilizes ultrasound waves to detect defects in package seals. As the package seal moves along the sensor head, ultrasound waves are passed through the package seal, causing reflections of sound wave. If there is any defect in the package, the signal strength is reduced or even eliminated. Such variations are closely observed to identify defects in the seal.

Benefits of Airborne Ultrasound Technology:

• Deterministic seal quality inspection technique that assures quantitative and reliable results.
• Creates a visual image of seal quality.
• Applicable for multiple material types and combinations regardless of color, transparency, print, surface finish or porosity.
• Eliminates subjective manual inspection methods.
• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Technology can be integrated for 100% online defect detection of the final pouch seal.

2. Vacuum Deacy Technology

Vacuum Decay is a Container Closure Integrity test (CCIT) method, proven over decades to ensure package integrity at the production line with unmatched reliability and sensitivity. Being a non-destructive test method, it allows a greater understanding of package quality and reduces waste compared to destructive test methods. The standard vacuum decay leak test method (ASTM F2338), developed using PTI's VeriPac instruments, is recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for container closure integrity (CCI) testing. The test method is listed in ISO 11607 and referenced in the United States Pharmacopeia Chapter on CCI (USP Chapter 1207).

With the next generation of VeriPac test systems, PTI brings a tradition of excellence and performance reliability to its line of non-destructive package testing equipment. VeriPac test systems have undergone technological advancements across the product line, improving each model to better perform for their respective applications.

Primary areas of focus in terms of innovations in the field of vacuum decay have been improving the practicality and sensitivity of the test method. PTI's VeriPac test systems combine both technological innovation and practical adjustments to current technology to make it the most sensitive and versatile vacuum-based leak detection technology to date. Features like unique test cycles, pneumatic controls and processing algorithms make VeriPac technology the foremost vacuum-based leak detection technology.

Benefits of Vacuum Decay Technology:

• Non-destructive technology.
• ASTM Test Method F2338, FDA Consensus Standard and referenced in USP 1207 Guidelines.
• Accurate, repeatable results.
• Eliminates destructive, subjective testing methods.
• Pass/fail results backed by quantitative test data.

Evaluating the ability of the container closure system to provide a sterile barrier and prevent leaks resulting from contamination is a crucial step towards maintaining the safety and suitability of primary packaging. United States Pharmacopeia (USP) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the driving forces behind container closure systems in the US, enforce strict regulations for Container Closure Integrity Testing (CCIT).

Traditionally, Dye Ingress and Microbial immersion were two popular methods to evaluate container closure integrity. However, they were probabilistic methods that lacked accuracy and provided subjective test results. In 2016, USP issued guidelines that they preferred deterministic test methods over probabilistic test methods. Examples of deterministic test methods include Vacuum Decay technology, Airborne Ultrasound technology, Helium Leak Detection etc. In this blog, we will discuss the role of VeriPac 355, which is a Vacuum Decay technology in testing container closure integrity.

CCI Testing Using VeriPac 355 Technology

The VeriPac 355 is a non-destructive technology based on the ASTM vacuum decay leak test method (F2338-09) and is recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity testing. This micro leak detection system is applicable across a wide range of packaging formats and is specially designed to test containers for gas leaks for dry products (lyophilized vials, powder-filled) as well test for liquid leaks (non-protein based liquid-filled vials, prefilled syringes). The non-destructive nature of the technology allows it to be incorporated into protocols at any point in the handling process. VeriPac 355 technology's capability of detecting leak rates as low as 0.2 cc/min makes it an optimal quantitative test method for many pharmaceutical and food applications.

VeriPac 355 Working Principle

The VeriPac 355 leak tester is connected to a test chamber designed specially to hold the package being tested. Vacuum is then applied to the package inside the test chamber. Using a high-resolution absolute transducer technology, the test chamber is monitored for the level of vacuum as well as the change in vacuum over a predetermined test time. Although the test cycle takes only a few seconds, it produces accurate and non-subjective test results. The sensitivity of a test is a function of the sensitivity of the transducer, the package design, the package test fixture and critical test parameters of time and pressure. Test systems can be designed for manual or semi-automatic operation. This inspection method is suitable for laboratory offline testing and QA/QC statistical process control.

Inspection Criteria

• Measures seal integrity of entire container or package
• Tests for gas leaks for dry products (lyophilized vials, powder filled)
• Tests for liquid leaks (liquid filled vials, prefilled syringes)

Benefits of VeriPac 355 Series

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Deterministic, quantitative test method
• Measures seal integrity of entire container or package
• Tests for gas leaks for dry products (lyophilized vials, powder filled)
• Tests for liquid leaks (liquid filled vials, prefilled syringes)
• Measures and verifies container closure system integrity
• Defect detection down to 0.2 ccm
• High level of sensitivity, repeatability and accuracy
• Short cycle time provides operator with PASS/FAIL result
• Small footprint and modular portable design
• ASTM test method and FDA standard

As technological advancements lead to an ever-increasing world of routes of administration for new and existing drugs, packaging decisions for such options have become more challenging. There are multiple options for drug delivery container formats, and each should be continuously reviewed with reference to compliance and accuracy of delivery. Packaging is a critical point of concern whenever a new drug product is introduced into the market. When it comes to parenterals, there has been a dramatic increase in these packaging formats over the past 10 years. Apart from typical formats of vial and syringes, dual-chamber devices, cartridges and electronically enabled devices have been introduced, all which demand high levels of packaging accuracy. So how do we ensure the ability of the packages to maintain sterility of the drug? Quality assurance with the proper Container Closure Integrity Test (CCIT) method is critical.

CCI Testing using E-Scan 655 MicroCurrent HVLD

The E-Scan 655 technology utilizes the MicroCurrent conductivity test method to non-destructive evaluate container closure integrity. MicroCurrent technology exposes the package and product to lower voltage than other conductivity based solutions. This unique technology requires no sample preparation and is a non-contact and non-invasive test method. What makes E-Scan 655 technology unique is its ability to test a wide range of liquid-based products including low conductivity sterile water for injection (WFI) and proteinaceous products with suspensions. The system also features a fast test cycle and is simple to operate. Additional benefits include quick product changeover and an easy recipe set up to accommodate a wide range of products and applications. The offline E-Scan 655 method can be migrated from the laboratory to automated 100% inline testing applications at high production speeds.

Testing Procedure

Using a set of electrode probes, E-Scan system tests a non-conductive container that is sealed. The container material can vary from glass, plastic, or poly laminate. The container or package must contain liquid (minimum fill 30%). In case of any defect including pinhole or crack, there will be a resistance differential and change in current flow indicating a breach in the container. The approximate defect location can be identified.

Benefits of MicroCurrent HVLD technology:

• Non-destructive, non-invasive, no sample preparation
• High level of repeatability and accuracy
• Effective across all parenteral products, including extremely low conductivity liquids (WFI)
• Lower voltage exposure produces no ozone, eliminating risk to the product and environment
• Listed in USP Chapter <1207> as recommended method for parenteral liquid package integrity testing
• Robust method and approximate 3x Signal-Noise-Ratio for a wide range of product classes and package formats
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process

Testing the integrity of newly developed packaging is a critical step in ensuring that it serves its requirements in every situation. Packaging needs to ensure that it sustains physical and mechanical stress and keeps the contents fresh until they reach the end user. In order to understand how packaging behaves under different circumstances, flexible packaging testing is quite important. Procedures for testing flexible packs are quite different from rigid packaging. Compared to rigid packaging, flexible packaging can present unique challenges in how to test both the integrity of the package and the seal quality. Some of the solutions offered for flexible package testing by PTI.

Flexible package integrity testing techniques

1. VeriPac Flex System

PTI's VeriPac FLEX systems are versatile non-destructive CCIT methods, designed specifically for pouches and other flexible packaging with dry-filled products. The technology utilizes an ASTM method for vacuum decay leak testing (F2338) listed in ISO 11607 and recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity testing. PTI's VeriPac FLEX Systems are available in several configurators that can accommodate various package specifications and test sensitivity requirements. Such configurators for both the leak test instrument and the test chamber capacity enable evaluation of small format sachets and stick packs, up to large bulk size pouches and bags. A unique feature of this technology is that it requires no changeover of settings or tooling and is proven to provide high levels of sensitivity, reliability and practicality in testing a complete range of flexible packaging formats and sizes.

Technology Overview

The test begins by connecting the VeriPac tester to the appropriate FLEX chamber based on the size range of the package. The two VeriPac systems paired with the FLEX chamber provide different leak detection capabilities depending on the application. While the integrated flexible test chamber (IFC) is intended for sachets or stick packs with low headspace, the Drawer Style test chamber (D-Series) is ideal for package formats and bulk products. The unique difference with VeriPac FLEX systems is how the package is tested. PTI utilizes its flexible membrane that conforms to the package shape and size, eliminating any stress and damage to the film materials. Multiple packages can be tested in a single test cycle.

Benefits of VeriPac Flex System

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation.
• Deterministic, quantitative test method.
• Test multiple packages in a single test cycle.
• Cost effective with rapid return on investment.
• Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives.
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process.
• Accurate and repeatable results.
• ASTM test method and FDA standard.
• USP < 1207> compliant

2. Airborne Ultrasound Technology

PTI's Airborne Ultrasound technology is a non-destructive and non-invasive seal quality inspection method. The test is conducted by allowing ultrasound waves to pass through the package seal causing the reflection of sound waves. To identify the defects, variations in the reflected signals’ strength are analyzed. PTI offers two configurations of Airborne Ultrasound testing technology; Seal-Scan® and Seal-Sensor.

Seal-Sensor™ is a deterministic, quantitative method that inspects the final pouch seal non-destructively 100% online. Seal-Sensor detects incomplete seals, partial or weak areas in seals, and many common defects in seals that appear visually acceptable yet possess defects that affect product quality, value and shelf-life.

Seal-Scan® is an Airborne Ultrasonic Technology (ABUS) that inspects and analyzes pouch seals non-destructively offline for in-depth seal quality evaluation and analysis. Seal-Scan® is a semi-automatic inspection system with x-y drive, used for the detection of seal defects, seal characterization and material analysis.

Advantages of PTI’s Seal Scan and Seal Sensor Method:

• Deterministic seal quality inspection method that produces quantitative results.
• This method works for any material type and combinations regardless of color, transparency, print, surface finish or porosity.
• Non-destructive and non-subjective test method that requires no sample preparation.
• Technology can be integrated for 100% online defect detection of the final pouch seal.
• Repeatable, reproducible and reliable results for seal quality inspection.
• Cost-effective solution for seal integrity testing and seal analysis that characterizes overall quality and uniformity of the seal.

Most powder dairy products (milk powders, infant formula, protein-based powders, etc.) require process monitoring, production control and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) to retain their quality throughout its shelf-life or until it reaches the end-user. However, products that use MAP often have high risks of deficiencies in package quality control. Most MAP applications use Nitrogen flushing, and testing package quality involves sampling package gas content days after the product has been packaged. The protein based content of many products will allow bacteria to consume the majority of the O2 content before the increase in O2 is detected by gas testing equipment. Leaks as small as 10-20 microns will only increase the oxygen content to levels below 3%, the typical pass/fail threshold, passing defective product. Although packaging integrity testing can be conducted using traditional methods like water bath, they are only sensitive to 25-micron leaks at best. Therefore, dairy product manufacturers should use testing methods that offer highly sensitive leak testing along with the highest level of quality assurance.

Package Testing using VeriPac Test System

Vacuum Decay has been verified as the most practical and sensitive vacuum based leak test method. It is capable of creating reliable and accurate quantitative results and a pass or fail determination. The standard Vacuum Decay leak test method (ASTM F2338), developed using PTI's VeriPac instruments, is recognized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a consensus standard for container closure integrity (CCI) testing. The test method is listed in ISO 11607 and referenced in the United States Pharmacopeia Chapter on CCI (USP Chapter 1207). VeriPac series are a practical alternative to destructive testing methods that provide subjective test results and variable test standards.

PTI brings a tradition of excellence and performance reliability to our line of VeriPac non-destructive package testing equipment. PTI's VeriPac Series has the capability to non-destructively test packages at the production line with high levels of accuracy and sensitivity. Non-destructive testing not only reduces wastage, but it also allows operators to have a greater understanding of package quality. Moreover, it can accommodate multiple package formats and requires non changeover when testing different size packages.

Technology Overview

Under this technique, the VeriPac leak tester is connected to a test chamber that contains sample packages. Vacuum is applied to these packages and a dual transducer technology is used to monitor the test chamber for both the level of vacuum as well as the change in vacuum over a predetermined test time. The changes in absolute and differential vacuum indicate the presence of leaks and defects within the package. The test cycle takes only a few seconds, results are non-subjective, and testing is non-destructive to both product and package.

VeriPac Inspection system:

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation.
• Deterministic, quantitative test method.
• Defect detection down to 0.2 ccm.
• High level of sensitivity, repeatability and accuracy.
• Short cycle time provides operator with PASS/FAIL result.
• Small footprint and modular portable design.
• ASTM test method and FDA standard.
• Referenced in USP 1207 guidance.

Finding the appropriate packaging for perishable foods can be quite challenging for manufacturers. Apart from considering factors such as vulnerability and freshness, a food package must ensure safety throughout its shelf life or until it reaches the end-user. To ensure that the contents are not exposed to any foreign contamination, manufacturers should conduct regular tests that can evaluate the ability of the packaging in maintaining seal integrity. Package integrity testing can pinpoint the exact location of leaks which helps operators identify the problematic area and make necessary adjustments. As a result, manufacturers can be sure of the packaging quality and ensure that the customers enjoy their products in the freshest possible state.

For inspecting package integrity of food products, PTI has developed VeriPac 310 series, a non-destructive, non-invasive Container Closure Integrity Testing (CCIT) system for highly effective leak detection. It is an ASTM approved patented vacuum decay leak test method F2338-09 recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity testing. The VeriPac 310 provides quantitative measurements for identifying package defects before critical process issues get out of control. The tests can be performed in any sequence with real-time results.

VeriPac 310 series was developed using VeriPac leak test instruments. The next generation of VeriPac systems combines both technological innovation and practical adjustments to current technology to make it the most sensitive and versatile vacuum-based leak detection technology to date. Through the introduction of unique test cycles, pneumatic controls and processing algorithms, the VeriPac technology is establishing itself as the foremost vacuum-based leak detection technology. VeriPac systems reduce waste and provide operators with a clear understanding of package quality.

Technology Overview

Under this method, VeriPac leak testers are connected to the test chamber designed to hold the sample packages. Vacuum is then applied to the package being tested. The absolute transducer technology is used to monitor the test chamber for both the level of vacuum as well as the change in vacuum over a predetermined test time. VeriPac 310 test systems are suitable for manual or automatic operation and are designed for laboratory offline testing and production applications for QA/QC statistical process control. Testing is more reliable, sensitive and efficient than destructive methods such as the water bath or burst test.

Benefits of VeriPac 310 Series

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Deterministic, quantitative test method
• Repeatable, rapid and reliable testing
• Cost effective and economical
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process
• ASTM test method and FDA standard

Medical devices play a key role in the diagnosis and treatment of many conditions and life saving treatments. To insure patient safety, the effectiveness of such medical devices should be carefully evaluated. Package integrity testing of medical devices is a crucial part of the manufacturing process.

Medical device package testing methods offered by PTI

1. Airborne Ultrasound technology

PTI’s Airborne Ultrasound technology (ABUS) is a seal quality inspection test method, capable of non-destructively examining packaging seal quality for defects, primarily flexible packaging seals. Under this method, ultrasound waves are passed through the pouch seal, creating a reflection of sound waves. The signal strength variations are analyzed to identify the presence of seal defects. Airborne Ultrasound technology creates a quick analysis of the seal area without tampering with the packaging to identify many common seal defects, such as incomplete or missing seals, wrinkles, and channel defects. The technology is in high demand due to its applicability across several industries, specifically the medical device industry. “Ultrasound is the only technology capable of identifying what the quality of that physical bonded nature of the seal materials are,” comments Tyler Harris, applications engineer at PTI- Packaging Technologies & Inspection. Medical device packaging including TYVEK® pouches is a very common application for ABUS technology.

PTI's Seal Scan (Offline) and Seal-Sensor (Inline) technology have further redefined pouch seal integrity testing. Both these technologies utilize non-contact airborne ultrasonic testing technology. With these advancements, Airborne Ultrasound technology has positioned itself to be the most sensitive method for non-destructive seal quality testing, in both the laboratory and in automated 100% inline testing production lines. ABUS is an ASTM Test Method F3004, recognized by the FDA as a standard for seal quality inspection and also referenced in the USP 1207 chapter guidelines.

2. Vacuum Decay technology

For several decades, Vacuum Decay has been proven to be the most practical and sensitive leak detection method for medical device and pharmaceutical packaging. It is a Container Closure Integrity Test (CCIT) capable of evaluating a wide range of packaging formats including filled and sealed rigid, semi-rigid and flexible packaging made of non-porous or porous materials. Vacuum Decay, being a non-destructive test method, does not cause any damage to the package being tested. This reduces significant waste and allows operators to have a thorough understanding of package integrity and package quality.

PTI’s VeriPac inspection technique is an ASTM approved (F2338), FDA recognized testing method capable of evaluating a wide range of high-risk package applications. To conduct this test, packages are first placed in a well-fitted evacuation test chamber, which has an internal or external vacuum source. The test operator continuously monitors the vacuum levels to identify variations from a pre-determined targeted vacuum level. In the presence of a defect, air escapes from the package into the test chamber. Packages without any defect retain the air, maintaining a constant chamber vacuum level. It is an ideal solution for medical device manufacturers to assure that the product meets regulatory standards. Based on the packaging materials used and the level of test sensitivity required, manufacturers can select the appropriate VeriPac model.

Ensuring the integrity of product packages is of utmost priority to snack food manufacturers. On-the-go snack products like wafers, chips, jerky,and coffee are vulnerable to deterioration by organic components such as moisture or air. Such foreign contaminants can enter the product through defective packages and accelerate the food decomposition process. In fact, mold, oxidation, flavor degradation, and spoilage are often the direct result of compromised package integrity. These factors can create a negative impact on consumers’ perceptions of a product and brand.

It is vital for manufacturers to ensure that packaged products are properly tested for integrity to insure that products remain fresh until they reach the consumer. Today, the market offers a wide range of leak testing that is both destructive and non-destructive. However, manufacturers should realize that a method applicable for one is not ideal for another. The leak testing method chosen should be based on the specific package specification and defect rate detection. Read on to know in detail about snack food packaging integrity testing method offered by PTI.

Package testing using PTI VeriPac Vacuum Decay Series

PTI's VeriPac inspection systems are ASTM approved vacuum decay leak test method (F2338) recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity testing. This test method was developed using VeriPac leak test instruments. Vacuum Decay technology is a container closure integrity test (CCIT) method, referenced in the new USP <1207> Chapter Guidance as a deterministic test method for package integrity testing. This method is also listed in ISO 11607.

VerIPac test systems have a proven capability to non-destructively test a wide range of packaging formats without requiring any changeover when testing different size packages. Additionally, it is also possible to test multiple packages in a single test cycle. VeriPac provides a qualitative result (PASS or FAIL) as well as quantitative data that correlates to leak rate and leak size. Being a non-destructive method, the test allows non-defected packages to be returned to the production line, thereby reducing waste and improving testing capabilities. This makes it a practical alternative to destructive testing methods like water bath and dye ingress.

Technology Overview

The process begins by connecting VeriPac leak testers to a test chamber specifically designed to hold the sample package. Vacuum is applied to the package being tested. Using a single or dual vacuum transducer technology, vacuum levels, as well as changes in vacuum over a predetermined test time, are monitored. The changes in absolute and differential vacuum indicate the presence of leaks and defects within the package. VeriPac test systems are suitable for laboratory offline testing and can be designed for manual or fully automated operation. The test cycle takes only a few seconds, is non subjective, and non-destructive to both product and package.

VeriPac Inspection system:

• Non-destructive test method that ensures quantitative test results
• FDA recognized ASTM test method
• Referenced in USP 1207 guideline
• Cost-effective with rapid return on investment
• Supports zero waste initiatives

Medical devices are available in a variety of forms with complex geometric attributes such as valves, tubes and others that can complicate the medical device testing process. Hence, medical device leak testing equipments are expected to provide high levels of sealing effectiveness and test result sensitivity to narrow down the complexities.

Medical Device Package testing using Seal Scan technology

Seal-Scan® is a deterministic, quantitative, high-resolution method based on is an Airborne Ultrasonic Technology (ABUS). It is highly effective in non-destructively inspecting and analyzing pouch seals for defects and seal integrity for consistency. Seal-Scan systems utilize the ASTM Test Method F3004-13, which is a non-destructive test method for evaluating seal quality and integrity using Airborne Ultrasound technology. The test procedure is simple, quick and requires no sample preparation. Additionally, Seal-Scan® provides advanced digital imaging software tools for process control which offers in-depth seal quality analysis.

Seal-Scan features two scan modes:

• Linear Scan (L-Scan) to simulate online defect detection (line graph)
• C-Scan for detailed seal analysis, producing pixel by pixel evaluation of seal (Opto-Acoustic image)

Technology Overview

The test beings by scanning the pouch seal or package material between two focused ultrasonic sensors. Ultrasonic waves propagate through single or multiple layers of bonded materials. As the ultrasonic waves propagate through different mediums, it causes reflections of sound waves, which reduces/eliminates signal strength. The level of signal passing through the seal is a function of the quality of the seal. Various types of defects; leaking and non-leaking, process-related and random are detectable.

Seal scan has two scan modes (L-Scan and C-Scan) that is capable of producing Opto-Acoustic images as well as detailed statistical analysis. An L-Scan is a single linear scan along the X-axis of the seal that provides a line graph of seal integrity and simulates online inspection. C-Scan produces multiple scans (along X and Y-axis of seal area) that provide a high-resolution ultrasonic image of the seal structure. This technology can be integrated into a pouch production line via the Seal-Sensor for 100% fully automated on-line seal defect detection.

Benefits of Seal Scan Technology

• Deterministic inspection method producing quantitative results.
• Works for any material and combinations, regardless of color, transparency, print, surface finish and porosity.
• Produces high resolution Opto-Acoustic image of seal.
• Characterizes overall quality and uniformity of the seal.
• ASTM Test Method F3004 and FDA recognized standard for seal quality inspection.

Medical devices and pharmaceuticals products are manufactured with zero tolerance to defects. For this reason, manufacturers give top priority to quality control procedures and regulatory standards. This is to make sure that products maintain the quality standards required for their intended use.

Packaging plays an important role in maintaining product quality and ensuring the product reaches consumers defect-free. While selecting the right packaging material is important, testing integrity of packages also holds high relevance. Traditionally, destructive testing methods like Dye Ingress and Water Bath were popular Container Closure Integrity Testing (CCIT) techniques. However, in recent years, the industry has moved towards deterministic methods to achieve more precise, reliable results.

How PTI's VeriPac Series ensure package integrity?

PTI 's VeriPac series are non-destructive, non-subjective test systems ideal for leak testing high-risk applications that require extreme levels of test reliability and accuracy. This technology uses an ASTM approved vacuum decay leak test method F2338, which is listed in ISO 11607, USP <1207>. It is an FDA recognized consensus standard for package integrity testing. Using cutting-edge innovation, VeriPac inspection systems provide repeatable, sensitive, and more robust detection of defects. VeriPac testers feature the patented PERMA-Vac manifold system and dynamic test modes that provide the ability to test a wide range of package formats including flexible, rigid and semi-rigid packaging. Apart from package integrity testing, VeriPac technology can also be used for stability studies, clinical trials, quality assurance testing and statistical process control (SPC).

Technology Overview

The test method is initiated by connecting VeriPac leak testers to a test chamber that is specially designed to contain the package being tested. The package is placed inside the test chamber to which a vacuum is applied. Using a single or dual vacuum transducer technology, the level of vacuum as well as the change in vacuum over a predetermined test time are monitored. The variations in absolute and differential vacuum indicate the presence of leaks and defects within the package. The sensitivity of a test is a function of the package design, the package test fixture and critical test parameters of time and pressure. Test systems can be designed for manual or automatic operation. This inspection method is suitable for laboratory offline testing and production applications for QA/QC statistical process control. The test cycle takes only a few seconds, is non-invasive and non-destructive to both product and package.

Benefits of VeriPac series

• Deterministic, quantitative test method.
• Defect detection down to 0.034 cc/min.
• Highest level of repeatability and accuracy.
• Cost-effective with rapid return on investment.
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process
• Results proven superior to dye ingress.
• ASTM test method and FDA standard
• USP <1207> Compliant.

Parenteral preparations are defined as solutions, suspensions, emulsions for injection or infusion, powders for injection or infusion, gels for injection and implants. They are sterile products intended to be administrated directly into human bodies. Parenteral drug products are expected to be free from microorganisms, pyrogenic substances as well as other visible particles. Contaminated parenteral drug products can cause serious health concerns to the patient. Hence, sterility assurance and package integrity testing are of paramount importance in parenteral drug manufacturing. Read on to know more about parenteral products package testing methods offered by PTI.

Parenteral products package testing methods:

1. Vacuum Decay technology

Vacuum Decay technology is a non-destructive Container Closure Integrity test method primarily used to detect leaks in package seals. Proven to be the most practical and sensitive vacuum-based leak test method, Vacuum Decay technology is capable of identifying leaks in sealed rigid, semi-rigid and flexible packaging made of non-porous or porous materials. It provides reliable, accurate and repeatable test results that ensure deterministic package testing and leak detection. Vacuum Decay technology has established itself as a non-destructive alternative to traditional test methods like Water Bath and Dye Ingress, making it a practical solution for leak detection in the Pharmaceutical and Medical Device industry.

How does Vacuum Decay technology work?

The principle behind Vacuum Decay technology is simple and it challenges container integrity based on fundamental physical properties. The test begins by placing sample packages in a closely fitting evacuation test chamber, which is equipped with an external vacuum source. Based on the test sample and level of sensitivity required, a pre-determined vacuum level is chosen for the test. The next step involves evaluating the test chamber and test system dead space for a pre-determined period. Differential pressure transducers are used to monitor changes in vacuum levels for a specified period. A pressure increase beyond the predetermined pass/fail limit indicates container leakage.

Benefits of Vacuum Decay technology

• Non-destructive package inspection system
• Accurate and reliable results
• Definite pass/fail result based on quantitative test data 
• Accommodates multiple packaging formats
• Eliminates destructive, subjective testing methods
• Effective in detecting even minute leaks
• ASTM Test Method F2338, FDA Consensus Standard and USP 1207 compliant
 

2. MicroCurrent HVLD Technology

PTI’s Microcurrent is patent-pending unique CCI technology that has revolutionized the conventional high voltage leak detection method. It is a non-invasive and deterministic container closure integrity testing method that is effective across all parenteral and biologic products including low conductivity liquids such as sterile water for injection. The Microcurrent HVLD test method is highly effective in detecting the presence and location of pinholes, micro-cracks, stopper/plunger leaks, non-visible leaks under crimping and many other defects across applications like pre-filled syringes, vials, cartridges, ampoules, BFS, bottles and pouches. A unique mode of Microcurrent HVLD uses about 50% less voltage and reduces the exposure of product and environment to less than 5% of the voltage when compared to conventional HVLD solutions. The E-scan HVLD series is a leading solution of sturdy container closure integrity test equipment.

Benefits of MicroCurrent HVLD technology

• Non-destructive & requires no sample preparation
• Deterministic & non-invasive
• Highly effective across all parenteral products
• High levels of sensitivity, accuracy and reliability in results
• Offline and 100% online inspection at high production speeds
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process
• Referenced in Chapter USP 1207 Guidance for CCIT

Packaging is an essential part of the pharmaceutical industry, given the sensitive nature of the contents. High-risk medications and lifesaving drugs need utmost care and protection until they reach the patient. As such, stringent industry standards apply to pharmaceutical packaging. Manufacturers give high priority to safety and quality while selecting packaging materials for a drug or healthcare product. The packaging should be able to act as a barrier against external contamination and chemical reactions. Exposure to reactive gases can alter the physical, chemical and biological attributes of the products. This makes Container Closure Integrity Testing of pharmaceutical packaging a regulatory requirement.

Role of MicroCurrent HVLD in ensuring pharmaceutical package integrity

Often referred to as the conductivity and capacitance test, High Voltage Leak Detection (HVLD) is a test method found to be highly effective in detecting the presence and location of leaks in a wide range of pharmaceutical and parenteral applications. It can be used for leak testing in nonporous, rigid or flexible packages, as well as packages containing liquid or semi-liquid products. High Voltage Leak Detection test is conducted using electrical conductivity and resistance principle. This method operates by passing high voltage micro current signals through sample packages. Under the presence of a leak, the electrical resistance of the sample declines, causing an increase in current. Compared to other leak detection methods that rely on flow of gas or liquid, HVLD technology relies on “flow” of current. This reduces challenges with defect clogging compared to flow-based analysis.

The latest evolution of HVLD, PTI’s patent pending MicroCurrent technology, aims to achieve a high level of CCI assurance across the entire range of pharmaceutical products. The MicroCurrent HVLD reduces voltage exposure to the product to less than 5% of the voltage exposure experienced when testing with comparable HVLD solutions. Reducing exposure voltage not only reduces any risk that the voltage poses to the product, but also greatly reduces the production of Ozone during operation when compared with traditional HVLD solutions. Ozone in the headspace of a container can be detrimental to the product, and in the operating environment can affect respiratory health.

Benefits:

Non-destructive Container Closure Integrity Test (CCIT)

Requires no sample preparation

Capability to test multiple packages in a single test cycle

Identifies which package is defective

Simplifies the inspection and validation process

Supports sustainable packaging initiatives

ASTM test method and FDA standard

Cost effective with rapid return on investment

Maintaining quality requirements and ensuring package integrity are important criteria for pharmaceutical product manufacturers. As such, the shift to more automated processes and digital measurement systems have systematically become a greater part of pharmaceutical manufacturing. In this blog, we will discuss automated package inspection techniques offered by PTI.

1. Vacuum Decay technology

Vacuum Decay technology is a non-destructive Container Closure Integrity Test (CCIT) used for leak detection in nonporous, rigid, or flexible packages. It is an ASTM-approved, FDA-recognized test method with proven capabilities to provide reliable, reproducible, repeatable and accurate quantitative results. This method involves drawing vacuum on the sample package kept in the test chamber and analyzing the vacuum level for any defect, indicating a leak.

Vacuum Decay technology is applicable across a wide range of pharmaceutical and medical devices with the capability of detecting leaks in single digit micron range while accommodating multiple packaging types. PTI has made further advancements in Vacuum Decay technology with its PERMA-VAC technology and VeriPac FLEX Series.

PERMA-VAC technology that addresses vacuum decay detection at the very core of physical test measurement, controlling the test system volume and maximizing the SNR between good and defective samples. It is a a single or dual vacuum transducer technology, which has higher test sensitivity for providing accurate and reliable results.

The VeriPac FLEX series, designed specifically for dry filled pouches and flexible packaging are available in several configurations with the ability to accommodate various package specifications. Each model achieves a specific range of test sensitivity and various test chamber sizes are available depending upon the package size and characteristics. The VeriPac FLEX series offer defect detection to the 10 to 20 micron range.

2. MicroCurrent HVLD Technology

PTI's MicroCurrent HVLD technology is a unique High Voltage Leak Detection Technology for container closure integrity testing. It is found to be highly effective across a wide range of high-risk pharmaceutical products and medical devices. When compared to traditional HVLD solutions, this method uses around 50% less voltage and exposes the product and environment to less than 5% of the voltage. Being a non-invasive technique it requires no sample preparation and has a high degree of reproducibility and accuracy throughout.

The Microcurrent HVLD test method can detect the presence and location of pinholes, micro-cracks, stopper/plunger leaks, non-visible leaks under crimping and many other defects. It assures product CCI by scanning a non-conductive sealed container with electrode probes. Any defect in the packaging results in resistance differential and change in current flow in the container as well as the approximate defect location.

Such automated platforms would provide the same 100% testing capability with an accurate inspection that includes quantitative test data and a pass/fail result. Proper sensory measurement requires time to capture a result. However, these new automated technologies can still reliably inspect containers at a much higher rate than was possible before, with a more sensitive leak detection capability.

According to USP1207, the headspace inside a sterile pharmaceutical or medical device packaging is an important part of a product. Therefore, it should comply with corresponding quality-relevant attributes. The attributes may vary depending on the product. For instance, the residual oxygen concentration is one of the attributes for oxygen-sensitive formulations. Testing low headspace packages like sachets and blister packages can be quite challenging for manufacturers. Read on to know how PTI's VeriPac 410 ensures package integrity of low headspace packages.

Leak testing using VeriPac 410 series.

Over the years, manufacturers of multi-cavity blister packs and low headspace packaging have been using destructive test methods to evaluate the integrity of such packages. However, such traditional test methods lacked accuracy and produced subjective, and unreliable results. In order to overcome the limitations of destructive test methods, PTI has developed VeriPac 410 inspection system - a non-destructive seal and leak detection technology for blister packs, sachets, and pouches with low headspace.

The VeriPac 410 employs a mix of vacuum decay technology and differential force measurement to identify defects in packages. Multiple packages can be tested in a single test cycle, depending on package specifications. The non-deterministic nature of the test produces accurate and reliable results, removes subjectivity and the operators can get a definite pass/fail outcome. Additionally, being a non-destructive test method, the VeriPac 410 allows tested packages to be returned to the production line and eliminates the cost and waste associated with destructive leak test methods. This test method has a wide range of applications including low volume flexible and semi-flexible package leak testing.

Technology Overview

The VeriPac 410 tester is connected to a specially designed drawer-style test chamber. A custom package insert that conforms to the package shape increases test sensitivity. Certain types of packages can be tested in multiple during a single test cycle. The location of the defective package or cavity is identified. Vacuum levels are monitored during the test cycle to evaluate the package using the ASTM F2338 vacuum decay leak test method. Decay of the vacuum level indicates that air is leaking from the package into the test chamber.

Once the vacuum testing phase is complete, a pressure plate maps the surface pressure of the flexible package lidding. The pressure plate system recognizes the pressure pattern exerted by the package when it is not defective, and the lack of pressure exerted on the pressure plate by a defect, allowing for both defect detection and location of the defective package or cavity.

Benefits of VeriPac 410 system

Non-destructive, non-invasive, no sample preparation

Non-subjective, accurate and repeatable results

Capability to test multiple packages in a single test cycle

Identifies which package is defective

Simplifies the inspection and validation process

Supports sustainable packaging initiatives

ASTM test method and FDA standard

Cost effective with rapid return on investment

Packaging has always been an indispensable factor in the pharmaceutical manufacturing process. Since most pharmaceutical products come under high-risk category, appropriate packaging is vital to prevent product deterioration. Faulty or damaged packaging can cause oxygen, moisture, microorganisms or other harmful substances to enter the product- making it unfit for use. Given the sensitive nature of pharmaceutical products, package inspection testing holds high relevance. Let us now understand what CCI techniques are being offered by PTI for pharmaceutical package testing.

Techniques to ensure CCI

1. Vacuum Decay technology

Vacuum Decay is a non-destructive Container Closure Integrity Test (CCIT) method that is highly effective in detecting leaks in nonporous, rigid and flexible packages. It is a simple test method that challenges container integrity based on fundamental physical properties. As the name suggests, this test is conducted by drawing vacuum on a package within a test chamber and monitoring the vacuum level for any decay, which would indicate a leak. The standard vacuum decay leak test method (ASTM F2338), developed using PTI's VeriPac instruments, is recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for container closure integrity (CCI) testing. The test method is listed in ISO 11607 and referenced in the United States Pharmacopeia Chapter on CCI (USP Chapter 1207). PTI has revolutionized Vacuum Decay technology with its s next generation of improvements in the form of PERMA-VAC technology and VeriPac FLEX Series.

PERMA-VAC Technology is a single or dual vacuum transducer technology, which has higher test sensitivity for providing accurate and reliable results. This method can be applied to flexible and semi-flexible packages alike.

The VeriPac FLEX series are innovative packaging inspection systems specifically for flexible packages. These are available in different configurations to accommodate various package specifications, capable of detecting leaks down to the 10 to 20 micron range.

Benefits of Vacuum Decay technology

Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation

Capable of detecting defects down to 0.05 ccm

Accurate, reliable, repeatable results

Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives

ASTM test method F2338

2. MicroCurrent HVLD Technology

High Voltage Leak Detection (HDLV) is a Container Closure Integrity test method that utilizes high voltage leak detector system for evaluating integrity of nonporous packages. The latest evolution in the HVLD technology, PTI’s MicroCurrent HVLD is revolutionary technology, a non-destructive, non-invasive CCI technique which can precisely detect any leak in a wide range of liquid filled products including extremely low conductivity sterile water for injection (WFI) and proteinaceous products with suspensions.

This method operates by scanning a sealed container using electrode probes to detect the presence of any leak. By analyzing a change in the current flow, the test operator can detect Defect in the container as well as its approximate location. PTI's MicroCurrent HVLD uses about 50% less voltage and exposes the product and environment to less than 5% of the voltage compared to conventional HVLD technologies. This technology can be easily shifted from offline to 100% inline testing application, thereby simplifying the inspection and validation process.

Benefits of MicroCurrent HVLD technology

• Non-destructive, non-invasive, no sample preparation
• High level of repeatability and accuracy
• Effective across all parenteral products, including extremely low conductivity liquids (WFI)
• Low voltage exposure to the product and environment
• Listed in USP Chapter <1207> as recommended method for parenteral liquid package inspection
• Robust method and approximate 3x Signal-Noise-Ratio for a wide range of product classes and package formats
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process
• Offline and 100% online inspection at high production speeds

Package integrity is of paramount importance in ensuring that sterility is maintained over a product’s entire shelf life. It is also a critical factor in preventing penetration of microorganisms throughout the distribution process. International Organization for Standardization defines package integrity as "the unimpaired physical condition of the final package."

Flexible pouches are extensively being used in the pharmaceutical and food industry as a primary packaging component. Even a minute breach in the sterile condition of the product is often considered a serious risk, resulting in the disposal of valuable products. Therefore, manufacturers give utmost importance for package integrity testing. Today, the market offers a host of techniques that can evaluate packages both destructively and non-destructively. In this blog we will discuss how VeriPac Flex system effectively evaluates integrity of a wide range of flexible packages.

Flexible package inspection using VeriPac Flex Series

Designed specifically for pouches and other flexible packaging with dry-filled products, VeriPac FLEX series are innovative non-destructive container closure integrity testing (CCIT) systems. Applicable across a wide range of flexible packaging formats, this technology provides unparalleled sensitivity, reliability and practicality in testing without requiring change-over of settings or tooling.

Utilizing the ASTM method for Vacuum decay leak testing (F2338), VeriPac inspection systems provide quantitative data and definitive PASS or FAIL results. PTI offers VeriPac FLEX Systems in several configurations to accommodate various package specifications and test sensitivity requirements. Such configurators for both the leak test instrument and the test chamber capacity enable evaluation of small format sachets and stick packs, up to large bulk size pouches and bags.

Because it eliminates subjectivity, reduces the waste and cost associated with traditional test methods, they are perfect alternatives to destructive package inspection techniques. Infact Vacuum decay leak testing technology has proven to provide a short return on investment when compared to destructive methods, such as the water bath or blue dye leak test. Listed in ISO 11607 and recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity testing, VeriPac test systems detect critical packaging failures reliably and reveal valuable information on the packaging process.

Understanding the working of VeriPac FLEX systems

Depending on the size of the package, the test operator first connects VeriPac tester to the appropriate FLEX chamber. There are two VeriPac systems namely, integrated flexible test chamber (IFC) and drawer Style test chamber (D-Series) that can be paired with the FLEX chamber to provide different leak detection capability depending on the application. While the integrated flexible test chamber is for sachets or stick packs with low headspace, drawer style test chamber features two standard sizes, the Small (D) or Large (DXL) depending upon the package size and specifications. Customs designs can be manufactured for large package formats and bulk products. The unique difference with VeriPac FLEX systems is how the package is tested. PTI utilizes its flexible membrane that conforms to the package shape and size, eliminating any stress and damage to the film materials.

Benefits of VeriPac FLEX systems

• Deterministic, quantitative test method
• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Test multiple packages in a single test cycle
• Cost effective with rapid return on investment
• Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process
• ASTM test method and FDA standard
• Accurate and repeatable results
• USP < 1207> compliant

Container closure integrity testing (CCIT) or leak testing is an important process in the manufacturing phase of a pharmaceutical drug product in particular parenteral products. CCIT is performed to evaluate and maintain sterility over the shelf life of a product as well as to prevent contamination of the product from moisture, reactive gases, or micro-organisms. In earlier times, dye ingress, microbiological ingress and other probabilistic test methods were being used in the industry. However, the results produced by such methods lacked accuracy, reliability and were highly subjective. Therefore, manufacturers are now replacing probabilistic test methods with deterministic methods, which reduce the needs for sample preparation and validation and provide more accurate detection of leaks and defects.

Why is VeriPac 465 effective in highly sensitive micro leak testing?

PTI's VeriPac 465 is a deterministic, quantitative inspection technology that is non-destructive and non-invasive to the package being tested. This technology requires no sample preparation and performs leak detection based on the basic principles of physics. The VeriPac 465 is an ASTM approved, FDA recognized package integrity testing method which is based on vacuum decay leak test method (F2338). This test method was developed using VeriPac leak test instruments. Unique test cycles, pneumatic controls and processing algorithms are certain features of VeriPac 465 system that make it the foremost vacuum-based leak test for parenteral products.

This inspection method is suitable for laboratory offline testing and QA/QC statistical process control. The test cycle takes only a few seconds, results are non-subjective and testing is non-destructive to both product and package.

 

Technology overview

The test begins by connecting VeriPac 465 leak tester to a chamber that is specially designed to contain the package to be tested. Vacuum is then applied to the test chamber in which the package is placed. Using dual transducer technology, the test chamber is monitored for both- level of vacuum and the change in vacuum over a predetermined test time. The changes in absolute and differential vacuum indicate the presence of leaks and defects within the package. The sensitivity of a test is a function of the sensitivity of the transducer, the package design, the package test fixture and critical test parameters of time and pressure. VeriPac 465 technology reduces the baseline measurement for good samples and amplifies the test result for defective samples. This technology is geared towards detecting leaks in the MALL range for parenteral packaging and can also be applied to flexible and semi flexible package formats

Inspection Criteria

• Measures seal integrity of entire container or package
• Measures and verifies container closure system integrity
• Tests for gas leaks for dry products (lyophilized vials, powder filled)
• Tests for liquid leaks (liquid filled vials, pre-filled syringes)

Benefits of VeriPac 465

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Defect detection down to 0.002 cc/min
• Highest level of sensitivity, repeatability and accuracy
• Results proven superior to dye ingress
• Deterministic, quantitative test method
• Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives
• ASTM test method and FDA standard

As pharmaceutical products leave the laboratory for distribution, they may be exposed to certain conditions that put their integrity at risk. Product quality deterioration and economic losses may be caused due to extreme temperatures or shocks during transportation. Pharmaceutical package inspection is vital to identify and control materials that may alter the protective capacities of packaging. Container Closure Integrity Testing of pharmaceuticals is performed with the purpose of guaranteeing the safety of the products during its distribution and storage lifecycle until delivery to the patient. CCIT helps in determining the integrity and stability of packaging or container until the point of delivery.

CCI testing using Vacuum decay technology

To guarantee integrity and consistency of packages, the ability to precisely detect leaks and defects is necessary. Although destructive Container Closure Integrity Testing (CCIT) methods like water bath, dye tests, peel and burst tests can detect leaks, they are time-consuming, unreliable and produce subjective test results. Additionally, they generate significant product loss and wastage. Over the years industry has seen an increasing demand for non-destructive package integrity testing methods. One such method is Vacuum Decay technology.

Vacuum Decay is a test method that has been proven over decades as the most practical and sensitive vacuum-based leak test method. It is a simple test method that challenges container integrity based on fundamental physical properties. Vacuum Decay technology creates reliable and accurate quantitative results with a pass or fail determination and has been established as a non-destructive deterministic alternative method to the blue dye test. The standard vacuum decay leak test method (ASTM F2338), developed using PTI's VeriPac instruments, is recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for container closure integrity (CCI) testing. The test method is listed in ISO 11607 and referenced in the United States Pharmacopeia Chapter on CCI (USP Chapter 1207)

How does Vacuum Decay Technology work?

Under this method, the leak testers are first connected to a test chamber that is specifically designed to hold the package to be tested. Vacuum is applied to the package placed inside the test chamber. Using single or dual vacuum transducer technology test chamber and level of vacuum are monitored along with a change in vacuum over a predetermined test time. The changes in absolute and differential vacuum indicate the presence of leaks and defects within the package. This inspection method is suitable for laboratory offline testing and can be designed for manual or fully automated operation. The test cycle is non-destructive to both product and package and takes only a few seconds. It provides significant savings by not wasting products for a leak test and generates a return on investment in under six months for many products.

Key Benefits of Vacuum Decay technology

• Non-destructive and non-invasive
• No sample preparation
• ASTM approved test method
• FDA Recognized Consensus Standard
• Allows for increased sampling
• Quantitative results
• Repeatable
• Rapid test time
• Eliminates cost and waste of destructive testing
• Test results can be easily validated
• SPC laboratory testing or online applications

Medical device packaging plays a fundamental role in safeguarding the product and retaining its quality throughout its shelf life. A package containing medical devices should not only reach the hospital defect free, but it also must withstand sitting on a shelf, possibly for years, without breaking down. Therefore, medical device packaging should be in line with international regulations and quality standards. In order to ensure quality of medical device packages, manufacturers reply on package integrity and seal quality test methods. Although the market offers a complete range of inspection techniques, it is important for manufacturers to choose the appropriate one based on packaging material used and sensitivity levels required.

The ideal solution is a non-destructive method for inspecting the physical properties of the seal and a non-subjective analysis to determine the seal quality. PTI’s Airborne Ultrasound technology (ASTM Test Method F3004-13) uses a transmission of high frequency sound waves through the pouch seal area, providing a simple pass or fail result of seal quality. A linear scan analysis of the seal area will detect channel defects, misaligned seals, incomplete and missing seals immediately after the package has been sealed. If the system detects a package defect, the product can immediately be removed from the packaging and reworked. Process related defects can be addressed and corrected immediately, which significantly reduces the quantity of defective packages produced.

Package inspection using Seal-Scan technology

PTI's Seal-Scan® is a non-destructive Airborne Ultrasonic technology (ABUS) that inspects and analyzes pouch seals offline. Seal-Scan® is a semi-automatic inspection system with x-y drive, used for the detection of seal defects, seal characterization and material analysis. This technology utilizes the ASTM Test Method F3004 for seal quality and integrity evaluation. .Seal-Scan® is a deterministic, quantitative, high-resolution method that inspects pouch seals for defects and seal integrity for consistency. Testing using a Seal-Scan® is non-destructive, non-invasive, and requires no sample preparation. Seal-Scan® provides advanced digital imaging software tools for process control which offers in-depth seal quality analysis. PTI has designed several configurations of SEAL-SCAN® for both offline inspections to accommodate various package specifications, test sensitivity and package handling requirements.

Technology overview

Under this method, the pouch seal or package material is scanned between two focused ultrasonic sensors. Ultrasonic waves pass through single or multiple layers of bonded materials. Ultrasonic propagation through different mediums causes reflection of sound waves and reduces/eliminates signal strength. Seal Scan technology can detect different types of defects including leaking and non-leaking, process-related and random are detectable. This technology can produce Opto-Acoustic images as well as detailed statistical analysis by either of two scan modes (L-Scan and C-Scan). An L-Scan is a single linear scan along the X-axis of the seal that provides a line graph of seal integrity and simulates online inspection. C-Scan produces multiple scans (along X and Y-axis of seal area) that provide a high-resolution ultrasonic image of the seal structure. This technology can be integrated into a pouch production line via the Seal-Sensor for 100% on-line seal defect detection.

Benefits of Seal Scan Technology

• Deterministic inspection method producing quantitative results
• Works for any material and combinations, regardless of color transparency, print, surface finish and porosity
• Produces high resolution Opto-Acoustic image of seal
• Characterizes overall quality and uniformity of the seal

Blister packs are common packaging formats for solid dose drugs in the form of tablets and capsules. Such packages not only preserve the quality of the drug, but also ensure ease of use to the consumer. Blister packages are commonly used by drug manufactures to ensure protection of the product from oxidation, moisture or other atmospheric pollutants which may lead to product degradation.

However, in recent years, the industry has seen a tremendous increase in the number of high-risk medicines, which are more sensitive to environmental condition than other tablets or capsules. This has further increased blister package integrity challenges. Although the number of environmental contaminants that can enter a package depends on leak size, with blister package, even minute leaks can become troublesome. Therefore, Container closure Integrity Testing (CCIT) of blister packs is extremely crucial.

OptiPac inspection system for non-destructive blister package testing

The OptiPac Leak Detection System is a deterministic non-destructive package integrity testing method created specifically for blister packs. Designed and engineered with One-Touch Technology, OptiPac achieves a rapid test cycle without requiring any changeover or sample preparation. This unique technology can provide rapid detection of sub-5-micron defects depending on blister cavity volume. Although OptiPac system uses similar principles applied in a vacuum-based blue dye test, it applies controlled inputs and measured outputs without the hassle and reliability issues of the dye ingress method. OptiPac uses volumetric imaging technology to measure the motion of a blister package under vacuum to detect leaks. The interface is practical and simple to setup with new blister package formats, requiring no complex parameter adjustments experienced with other non-destructive blister package inspection systems.

Technology overview

OptiPac utilizes volumetric imaging under vacuum with topographic imaging to detect the presence and location of leaks. The test begins by placing the sample on the testing area for vacuum-based measurement. After pressing the start button, vacuum is pulled to a defined vacuum. The blisters expand under vacuum, and air is drawn out of the blister through any leaks present. In the presence of a leak, the air escapes into the chamber causing a collapsed blister cavity. A volumetric image and measurement reading is taken during the dynamic vacuum test sequence, that determines which blister cavities are defective. A definitive pass/fail result as well as the quantitative measurement associated with each package test is also displayed. PTI's OptiPac systems provide a definitive result based on accurate and measurable quantitative data, reliably detecting leaks down to 5 microns.

OptiPac’s insightful technology offers a suite of advanced functions:

• Auto configuration for easy recipe setup and validation of new blister formats
• Auto orientation of blister packs (test blister packs in any position –no specific orientation)
• Auto calibration is an integrated one-touch function
• Advanced batch reporting with audit trail including image of blister pack and defect results

OptiPac Benefits

• Non-destructive technology - Pass/Fail results backed by quantitative test data
• Completely tool-less
• No changeover to test different blister formats
• Identifies defective cavity
• Pre-loaded recipe library with easy recipe setup and validation of new blister formats

Package validations for medical devices play a significant role in ensuring safe and effective use of products when they reach the patient. Packaging for these safety-critical products must withstand the rigors of the manufacturing process, storage, and the distribution cycle. Package integrity is crucial to maintaining sterility for medical devices, especially those that are to be used during medical procedures or implanted into patients. This is because even a minute defect in the package can affect sterility of the device and cause health risk to the patient. Given below is a list of non-destructive package inspection techniques that help maintain highest quality standards.

CCI techniques offered by PTI

Vacuum Decay technology

Vacuum Decay is a non-destructive package inspection technique that offers the ability to inspect both the entire body of the package and seals for micro leaks and defects. The technology proven to provide reliable, reproducible, repeatable, and accurate quantitative results, is recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for container closure integrity testing (CCIT). Vacuum Decay leak test method is an ASTM Test method (ASTM F2338) that was developed using PTI instruments, it is listed in ISO 11607 and referenced in the United States Pharmacopeia Chapter on CCI (USP Chapter 1207).

Technology overview

Vacuum Decay test method is simple in practice and challenges container integrity based on fundamental physical properties. The samples are placed in a closely fitting test chamber, equipped with external vacuum source. A pre-determined vacuum level is selected depending on test sample and level of sensitivity required. The next step involves evacuating the test chamber and test system dead space for a pre-determined period. Differential pressure transducers are used to monitor change in vacuum level for a specified period. A pressure increase beyond predetermined pass/fail limit indicates container leakage.

Advantages of Vacuum Decay technology:

• Non-destructive package inspection system
• Accurate and reliable results
• Definite pass/fail result based on quantitative test data 
• Accommodates multiple packaging formats
• Eliminates destructive, subjective testing methods 
• Effective in detecting even minute leaks 

Airborne Ultrasound technology

Airborne Ultrasound technology is a non-destructive Container Closure Integrity test used to examine seal quality for defects. It is an ASTM Test Method F3004 and FDA recognized standard for seal quality integrity testing. These tests are primarily conducted to provide advanced seal quality inspection of pouches, flexible packages and tray seals. Airborne Ultrasound technology is a non-destructive and non-invasive seal quality inspection technique suitable for many materials including Tyvek, paper, foil, film, aluminum and plastic. Airborne Ultrasound technology offers a comprehensive approach to evaluate seal quality even in conditions where a seal has a defect but may not leak.

Technology overview

Under this method, ultrasonic waves are propagated through the package seals as they move along the sensor head. This causes reflections of sound waves. The signal strength is either eliminated or reduced in the presence of any defect/leak. Such variations in signal strength are closely monitored to identify the defects.

Benefits of Airborne Ultrasound technology

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Accurate and reliable results
• Deterministic package inspection technique 
• Works on multiple packaging formats and materials 
• Economical cost-effective solution for seal integrity testing
• Can be applied to 100% inline seal quality testing

Sterility testing of pharmaceutical products is crucial to ensure that drugs and other biopharmaceutical therapeutics are actually sterile and safe for human use. No pharmaceutical drug can be released into the market without appropriate sterility testing. Pharmaceutical drug products often contain complex active ingredients that stress the importance of sterility and CCI testing. Even a minute breach in the package can cause moisture, air, or other harmful substances to enter the product- thus compromising its healing properties. Moreover, a contaminated drug product can cause serious health issues to the user, making it more of a threat than treatment. Hence, ensuring container closure integrity holds high relevance.

Ensuring Package Sterility with Vacuum Decay Technology

Vacuum Decay is a non-destructive CCIT method that has been proven over decades and improved with new technology innovations. The test method is simple in principle and challenges container integrity based on fundamental physical properties. Vacuum Decay technology operates by placing sample packages in a closely fitting evacuation test chamber, which is equipped with an external vacuum source. Single or dual vacuum transducer technology is used to monitor the test chamber for both the level of vacuum as well as the change in vacuum over a predetermined test time. The changes in absolute and differential vacuum indicate the presence of leaks and defects within the package.

Being a non-destructive test method, it provides significant savings by not wasting product for a leak test and generates return on investment in under six months for many products. Vacuum Decay technology has established itself as a non-destructive alternative to the blue dye leak test. The standard vacuum decay leak test method (ASTM F2338), developed using PTI's VeriPac instruments, is recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for container closure integrity (CCI) testing. The test method is listed in ISO 11607 and referenced in the United States Pharmacopeia Chapter on CCI (USP Chapter 1207).

Overview of PTI’s VeriPac Vacuum Decay Technology

PTI's improvements in the form of VeriPac test systems have raised a bar for excellence and performance reliability in terms of non-destructive package testing equipment. Its ability to detect leaks down to the sub- micron level and identify process issues before they become critical has made it an ideal choice for pharmaceutical package integrity. The next generation of VeriPac systems combines both technological innovation and practical adjustments to current technology to make it the most sensitive and versatile vacuum-based leak detection technology to date. Through the introduction of unique test cycles, pneumatic controls and processing algorithms, the VeriPac technology is establishing itself as the foremost vacuum-based leak detection technology.

Benefits of Vacuum Deacy Technology

• Non-destructive technology
• ASTM Test Method F2338, FDA Consensus Standard and referenced in USP 1207 Guidelines
• Accurate, repeatable results
• Pass/fail results backed by quantitative test data
• Completely tool-less with no changeover to test different packaging formats
• Identifies which cavity is defective
• Eliminates destructive, subjective testing methods

Parenteral product package systems are expected to provide barriers against drug contamination and ensure stability and sterility throughout the entire shelf life. Any defect in packaging can cause microbial contamination, exposure to gases and water vapor, resulting in product deterioration. Furthermore, the industry has seen a spike in demand for combination products and patient-centered drug delivery systems, that present a high level of technical risk for maintaining container closure integrity (CCI). Therefore, container closure integrity testing is an important stage in the sterile drug product lifecycle.

Automated package inspection with VeriPac LPX

As the pharmaceutical industry continues to grow, manufacturers require capable, consistent automated solutions for container closure integrity testing. Automated inspection systems improve package reliability, reduce chances of product recalls and packaging failure.

PTI's VeriPac LPX series are a line of fully automated package quality inspection systems for 100% inline testing. The LPX enables enhanced automated testing that provides a high level of confidence in packaging line performance. Veripac LPX is a practical and reliable solution for the problems associated with performing infrequent testing as well as for recognizing and correcting process-related quality issues.

Sensitivity and reliability go hand in hand with CCI testing. The VeriPac LPX 430.8S is the next generation automated inspection system for container closure integrity testing of parenteral products. Automated for 100% testing or batch release, the VeriPac PLX 430.8S is an eight-station dual chamber design, with robotic testing platform for pre-filled syringes and vials, products filled with lyophilized product, small molecule liquids and Water for Injection (WFI).

The VeriPac LPX features a dynamic robotic design, tailored to fit varied production requirements. LPX Series are scalable, modular solutions to meet production line demands. This adaptable platform provides reliable automated handling of a variety of packaging formats. Applications for LPX automation range from flexible packaging to rigid containers, and parenteral products. Additionally, VeriPac LPX allows easy changeover for testing different size packages on the same system.

Benefits of VeriPac LPX test systems

• Automated testing enables the highest level of container quality assurance
• Self-teach software
• Non-drift transducers for consistent leak detection
• Low false rejects
• Operator friendly
• Reject statistics & test result trends
• 24/7 operation
• Increased productivity
• Reduced downtime
• Low maintenance

The pharmaceutical industry is crucial to the health care system as they assure treatments that were unimaginable a few years ago. As the industry grows in importance, the techniques of primary packaging for pharmaceutical products, especially high-risk medicines have taken on new prominence.

Since many high-risk pharmaceutical products are filled and sealed in combination devices, it’s critical for manufacturers to ensure that the components function well together. Hence, design and distribution considerations are critical to both the drug and the container. Manufacturing inconsistencies and tolerance differences in packages containing multiple components are primary contributors to distribution issues. Often, such inconsistencies result in container closure failure, causing serious implications down the supply chain. For instance, glass vials and pre-filled syringes may not seal properly at critical fill-finish closure points. Such a failure can cause oxygen or other environmental contaminants to enter the product and compromise the efficacy of the drug in the barrel. At this point, it is critical to use the most precise leak testing method possible.

Why Container Closure Integrity testing is important?

As per the FDA- Food and Drug Administration, A container and closure system refers to "the entirety of packaging components that together contain and protect the product". In simple words, Container Closure Integrity testing can be understood as a leak detection test. CCI solutions include non-destructive package inspection technologies to ensure product sterility throughout the product’s lifecycle. CCIT plays a vital role in ensuring that the products are free from any possible contamination. Conventionally, probabilistic test methods like bubble tests, dye ingress and microbial challenge were extensively used in pharmaceutical package testing. Since it was found that such test results lacked accuracy and reliability, the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) released guidance in 2016 stating that deterministic methods are preferred over probabilistic test methods. With this new USP <1207> chapter guidance, manufacturers today rely on non-destructive alternatives like Vacuum Decay technology and Micro Current HVLD technology that ensure highly sensitive package integrity solutions.

1. Vacuum Decay technology: Vacuum Decay technology is a non-destructive container closure integrity solution capable of detecting leaks in nonporous, rigid or flexible packages. Vacuum Decay leak testing is conducted by placing a sample package in a well-fitting evacuation chamber, which is provided with an external vacuum source. The vacuum levels as well as the change in vacuum over a fixed test time are closely observed using single or dual vacuum transducer technology. Changes in vacuum level beyond a predetermined pass/fail limit indicate defects within the package. VeriPac Vacuum Decay series can non-destructively test packaging down to sub-micron leak rates - making it an excellent alternative to destructive testing methods.

PTI’s VeriPac 465, the latest addition to the vacuum decay series is a robust and reliable solution for testing pharmaceutical containers and parenteral products, achieving highly sensitive sub-micron leak detection. The VeriPac 465 is the most sensitive vacuum based technology on the market to-date.

Benefits of Vacuum Decay Technology:

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Deterministic test method that provides quantitative results
• Multiple package testing in a single test cycle
• Economical with rapid return on investment
• ASTM Test Method, FDA standard and USP 1207 Guidance

2. Microcurrent HVLD technology: Microcurrent HVLD is a unique High Voltage Leak Detection technology, highly effective across all liquid filled parenteral products. Its applications include liquid-based products ranging from extremely low conductivity sterile water for injection (WFI) to large molecule-based proteinaceous products with suspensions. Its ability to detect small pinholes, micro cracks and seal defects makes it an ideal choice for testing high risk pharmaceutical and parenteral products.

Benefits of PTI’s MicroCurrent HVLD technology:

• Non-destructive, non-invasive, no sample preparation
• Highly effective across all parenteral products, including extremely low conductivity liquids (WFI)
• Ensure higher levels of accuracy and reliability in test results
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process
• Offline and 100% online inspection
• Referenced in USP 1207 Guidelines

Fresh coffee is the best coffee. The quality of coffee is directly linked to freshness, and maintaining freshness requires adequate packaging. In simple words, packaging is what holds coffee products and maintains its quality. However, maintaining freshness and shelf life of packaged coffee is often a challenge for manufacturers. The flavors and oils in coffee are oxygen sensitive, while flavor profile being the key differentiator for consumers. External conditions like high temperature, light, or high humidity can increase the rate of staling. Under such conditions, whole beans will lose significant amounts of flavor and develop stale fragrance in 1-2 weeks, while in case of ground coffee the process takes 1-2 days. Compromised package integrity can result in oxidation, flavor degradation, and spoilage. Leaks as small as 10 microns can draw oxygen into the package over its shelf life. If a consumer encounters a product that exhibits oxidation, the bitterness and stale flavor will likely affect the consumer’s decision to repurchase. This explains why manufacturers give prime importance to evaluating integrity of coffee packaging.

Conventionally, water bath was the most popular technique for leak testing coffee products. Although water bath is a simple and effective leak testing method for rigid containers, it fails to meet critical needs associated with flexible coffee packages. Additionally, the cost associated with maintaining standard destructive methods is high. Subjective test results, variable test standards, and higher risks associated with the use of other methods emphasize the need for better alternatives. Hence manufacturers today opt for non-destructive testing methods that eliminate the cost associated with wasted product, and ultimately facilitate better quality control.

Package integrity testing using Vacuum Decay technology

PTI’s Vacuum Decay technology is an ASTM-approved, FDA recognized non-destructive Container Closure Integrity test method with proven capabilities to provide reliable, reproducible, repeatable and accurate quantitative results. It can detect oxygen critical leaks, providing a more reliable and sensitive solution for a range of packaging formats that is designed to protect oxygen sensitive products. This method involves drawing vacuum on the sample package kept in the test chamber, and analyzing the vacuum level for any defect-indicating a leak. VeriPac systems reliably detect leaks as small as 10 microns, identifying process issues before they become critical, avoiding costly quality deviations.

For coffee sachets, stick packs or pouches, PTI’s VeriPac FLEX series offer the highest level test sensitivity, detecting micro leaks into the single digit micron range. These are versatile non-destructive package inspection systems designed specifically for flexible packages. To accommodate various package specifications, the VeriPac FLEX is available in several configurations. Each model achieves a specific range of test sensitivity and various test chamber sizes are available depending upon the package size and characteristics. Hence, VeriPac vacuum decay is a practical alternative and significant improvement to the destructive test methods commonly used for flexible packaging.

Benefits of Vacuum Decay technology:

• Reliable and sensitive leak detection of quality critical defects
• Cost savings
• Using a non-destructive leak test method allows an increase in the number of product samples tested
• Rapid test cycle and minimal training required to operate tester
• Rapid ROI due to substantial cost savings and elimination of product loss

The World Health Organization (WHO) has stated that healthcare associated infections pose the highest risk in the delivery of healthcare services globally. This causes a serious threat to millions of patients worldwide every year. Therefore, ensuring sterility of medical devices is an important way to reduce the risk associated with faulty medical devices in hospitals and other healthcare settings.

Appropriate packaging and packaging materials are crucial to help preserve sterility of medical devices. Conventionally, medical device manufacturers relied on manual visual inspection as a method for assuring quality. However, such methods lacked accuracy and reliability in test results. To overcome the limitations of traditional test methods, manufacturers moved towards deterministic Container Closure Integrity testing (CCIT) methods that ensured quantitative and accurate test results.

PTI’s Airborne Ultrasound technology is a seal quality inspection test method, capable of non-destructively examining seal quality for defects. It is an ASTM Test Method F3004 and FDA Recognized Standard for seal quality testing. Such tests are mainly conducted to provide enhanced seal quality inspection of pouches, flexible packages and tray seals. Airborne Ultrasound technology ensures in-depth seal quality analyses and is applicable for multiple packaging materials Tyvek, paper, foil, film, aluminium, plastic and poly. According to Oliver Stauffer, CEO of PTI-Packaging Technologies & Inspection, “Ultrasound is one of the only technologies that are telling us what the quality of that physical bonded nature of the seal materials are.”

Under this technology, ultrasound waves are passed through the package seal which causes reflections of sound waves. The signal strength is reduced or eliminated in the presence of a leak/ defect. Such variations are closely observed to identify the leak. Inability to detect non-leak defects is a common challenge faced by most leak test methods. However, with Airborne Ultrasound technology, users are able to identify various types of seal defects; visible and invisible, leaking and non-leaking, process-related and random.

PTI has redefined seal integrity testing with its latest improvements in the form of Seal Scan (Offline) and Seal-Sensor. Both these technologies utilize non-contact airborne ultrasonic testing technology. With the advancements in form of Seal Scan and Seal-Sensor, Airborne Ultrasound technology has been proven to be the most effective method for non-destructive seal integrity testing, in both offline laboratory testing for seal quality analysis and 100% inline testing on the production line.

Benefits of Airborne Ultrasound technology:

• Deterministic seal quality inspection technique that assures quantitative and reliable results.
• Applicable for multiple material types and combinations regardless of color, transparency, print, surface finish or porosity.
• Eliminates subjective manual inspection methods.
• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Technology can be integrated for 100% online defect detection of the final pouch seal.

Seal integrity plays a vital role in ensuring the quality of packaging products. Even a minute defect in the seal can initiate a leak, which can compromise the quality of the product and directly affect its shelf life. It can also result in huge financial losses to the manufacturer. That being said, manufacturers give considerable importance to conducting appropriate seal integrity tests to ensure package integrity at every stage of its lifecycle.

Seal integrity testing methods can be classified into two- Destructive testing methods and Non-Destructive testing methods. Since under Destructive methods, the packages may get destroyed, its popularity has steadily declined over the past few decades due to this waste and high cost. “There is a huge shift in the industry towards deterministic and quantitative test methods,” says Oliver Stauffer, Chief Executive Officer at PTI - Packaging Technologies & Inspection. “This includes vacuum decay and airborne ultrasound for medical device applications. The industry is currently moving away from dye ingress and manual visual inspection because there are so many blind spots in applying them and there’s a huge false sense of assurance.”

Seal quality inspection techniques offered by PTI:

Vacuum Decay technology is a non-destructive Container Closure Integrity test (CCIT) method, used for seal quality inspection in nonporous, rigid or flexible packages. With the ability to detect leaks down to the sub-micron level, , Vacuum Decay technology is identified as one of the most practical vacuum-based leak detection methods. Its ability to provide quantitative, reliable and repetitive test results make it ideal solution for seal quality inspection in Pharmaceutical, Medical Device and Food and Nutrition industries.

Under this method, the sample packages are first placed in a close fitting evacuation test chamber that contains an external vacuum source. The vacuum levels and changes in vacuum over a pre-determined time are closely monitored. The single or dual vacuum transducer technology is used to monitor the test chamber for both the level of vacuum as well as the change in vacuum over a predetermined test time. The changes in the absolute and differential vacuum indicate the presence of leaks and defects within the package.Over the past few years, Vacuum Decay technology has seen great advancements in the form of PTI’s PERMA-VAC technology and VeriPac FLEX Series.

The next generation PERMA-VAC technology is a single or dual vacuum transducer technology that has made the VeriPac line of test systems the most sensitive vacuum-based leak tests available in the market. It has higher test sensitivity for providing accurate and reliable results and can be applied to rigid and semi-flexible packages alike. PTI’s PERMA-VAC technology ensures the most stable test measurement ever achieved through vacuum decay.

VeriPac FLEX series is an ideal package inspection solution for dry filled pouches and flexible packaging. To accommodate different package formats and test sensitivity requirements, VeriPac FLEX series is available in several configurations with multiple test chamber sizes.

 

2.Airborne Ultrasound technology:

Airborne Ultrasound technology is yet another seal quality inspection technique, which is capable of non-destructively conducting advanced seal quality inspection of pouches and flexible packaging. It is capable of accommodating multiple packaging materials like Tyvek, paper, foil, film, aluminum, plastic and poly and is also proven to provide deterministic, reliable and accurate test results.

As the name suggests, this method utilizes ultrasound waves to detect defects in package seals. Ultrasound waves are passed through the material as the package seal moves along the sensor head. This causes reflections of sound waves. Such signal strength variations are closely monitored to identify defects if any. Its ability to evaluate seal quality even under conditions where the defect may not result in a leak, makes Airborne Ultrasound technology a practical choice for seal quality inspection across different industries.

PTI’s Seal-Scan (Offline) and Seal-Sensor (Online) are the latest advancements to the ultrasound test series. Both these technologies make use of non-contact airborne ultrasonic testing technology and have been established as one of the most effective methods for inspection of flexible package seals. Airborne ultrasound is also an ASTM Test Method F3004 for seal quality inspection.

 

Apart from validating the functionality and design of medical devices, ensuring package integrity is crucial to make sure that the product reaches the end-user intact. Packaging and delivery formats available for medical devices range from porous flexible packaging to non-porous rigid containers. Each packaging format has a unique set of characteristics and requirements, which necessitates a comprehensive approach while selecting an appropriate inspection technique.

With increasing innovations in packaging formats and materials, packaging challenges have also increased. Among other medical devices, Class III medical devices pose the highest level of risk associated with ensuring package integrity. Such devices sustain or support life and are implanted. Examples of Class III devices include pacemakers, cardiovascular stents, respiratory ventilators and breast implants. Since these devices are directly placed into human bodies, even a minute breach in the packaging can pose significant risk to patient safety. Hence testing container closure integrity (CCI) of medical devices is crucial.

Vacuum Decay is a non-destructive Container Closure Integrity test (CCIT) method focused on package integrity and detection of leak paths. Compared to manual inspection and other non-deterministic test methods, Vacuum Decay offers quantitative, deterministic and reliable test results to ensure package integrity. Vacuum decay technology is capable of accommodating a wide variety of packaging formats including filled and sealed rigid, semi-rigid and flexible packaging made of non-porous or porous materials. This test operates by placing packages in a well fitted evacuation test chamber, which has an external vacuum source. The vacuum levels are continuously monitored to identify any variations from a pre-determined targeted vacuum level. A defect in the package will cause air to escape from the package into the test chamber. On the other hand, packages without any defect hold in the air, maintaining constant chamber vacuum level. Vacuum Decay technology has been proven over years to be one of the most practical and sensitive vacuum-based leak detection solutions.

PTI’s VeriPac inspection technique is an ASTM approved (F2338), FDA recognized testing method capable of evaluating wide range of high-risk package applications. It can be efficiently incorporated into the packaging process to ensure quality, reduce waste and allow operators to have a proper understanding of package integrity. Multiple vacuum supply types along with single or dual high-resolution transducers configuration enables the VeriPac series to provide fast and reliable test results that are quantitative and deterministic. It is an ideal solution for medical device manufacturers to ensure that the product meets regulatory standards. Based on packaging materials used and the level of test sensitivity required, manufacturers can select the appropriate VeriPac model.

PTI has revolutionized Vacuum Decay technology with the development of next generation PERMA-VAC technology, that offers increased test sensitivity and repeatable results. The technology is capable of detecting leaks in the MALL range for parenteral packaging and can accommodate a variety of flexible and semi-flexible package formats. The advancements in PERMA-VAC technology has made the VeriPac series the most reliable and practical vacuum-based leak test method available today.

Benefits of Vacuum Decay technology:

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Capable of detecting defects down to 0.05 ccm
• Accurate, reliable, repeatable results
• Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives
• FDA recognized standard for package integrity testing
• ASTM test method F2338

Ensuring pharmaceutical package integrity has always been a priority for drug product manufacturers. However, over the past few decades, innovations in health care sector have also accelerated pharmaceutical package integrity challenges. Although testing package quality of all healthcare products is important, in the case of parenteral products it is amplified significantly. Parenteral products are defined as injectible products that can be either liquid or powders. Solutions can contain suspensions, emulsions and be proteinaceous in nature. ”. Since these drugs are directly administered into human bodies, ensuring complete integrity of such packages is crucial. Common packaging formats for parenteral products include Liquid-filled containers such as vials, ampoules, syringes, BFS and auto injectors; Lypholized (powder) products are often packaged in vials. Even a minute breach in the package can cause microbial contamination leading to product deterioration. Hence ensuring container closure integrity is a critical process in the life cycle of parenteral products.

What is HVLD Methodology?

High Voltage Leak Detection (HVLD)) is a non-destructive Container Closure Integrity Test (CCIT) method used primarily to evaluate closure integrity of parenteral product packaging. HVLD technology makes use of quantitative electrical conductivity measurement principles. This method operates by passing high voltage micro current signals through sample packages. Under the presence of a leak, the electrical resistance of the sample declines, causing an increase in current. Applications of High Voltage Leak Detection Technology include testing of the following package formats:

• Pre-filled Syringes
• Ampoules
• Drug Product Cartridges
• Liquid Filled Vials
• Blow-Fill-Seal (BFS) Container

PTI’S MicroCurrent HVLD technology has revolutionized the conventional HVLD method. MicroCurrent HVLD is a non-destructive, non-invasive CCI technique that can be applied to a wide range of liquid filled products including low conductivity sterile water for injection (WFI) and highly proteinaceous drug products within suspensions. PTI’s E-scan HVLD, a highly sensitive CCI testing process uses electrode probes to scan sealed non-conductive containers. Under the presence of a leak, there will be a change in current flow indicating a defect in the container along with its approximate location. This unique technique uses about 50% less voltage and exposes the product and environment to less than 5% of the voltage. An important feature of E-scan HVLD is its ability to easily shift from the laboratory offline to 100% inline testing applications. With the capability to accommodate multiple packaging formats including glass, plastic or poly laminates, it is an ideal solution for parenteral package testing.

Benefits of MicroCurrent HVLD:

• Deterministic, non-destructive, non-invasive
• High level of repeatability and accuracy
• Ideal package integrity solution for parenteral products
• Low voltage exposure to the product and environment
• Offline and 100% online inspection at high production speeds

Today’s healthcare industry assures treatments that were unimaginable a few years ago. As pharmaceutical industry grows in importance, the techniques of primary packaging for healthcare products, especially parenteral products has taken on new prominence. Common parenteral packaging methods include Liquid-filled containers such as vials, ampoules, syringes, blow-fill-seals and auto-injectors and containers filled with lyophilized products. Since these drugs are directly administered into human bodies, high sensitivity integrity tests are required to ensure product quality throughout its shelf life. For reasons of safety, packaging material, integrity and design are regulated by Food And Drug Administration as strictly as the product itself.

Container Closure Integrity Testing is a leak detection test conducted using a non-destructive packaging inspection system to protect the drug from any possible contamination. It is a crucial step in evaluating safety and integrity of the primary packaging so as to maintain a sterile barrier and to avoid leakage resulting in contamination of the drug. Packaging components like bottles, vials, syringes that are in direct contact with the product are called primary components while aluminum caps, cardboard boxes are secondary components as they are not in direct contact with the product. Proper packaging should be a priority for all drug products, but in case of parenteral products, these concerns amplifies several folds as they are directly injected. Hence initiating a proper container closure system is vital for product and consumer safety.

Although Container Closure Integrity Testing(CCIT) can be performed in many different ways, it can be broadly classified into Probabilistic methods and Deterministic methods. Probabilistic test methods including Microbial Challenge by Immersion, Tracer Liquid Tests (e.g. Dye Ingress), Bubble Tests etc. are traditional test methods where result accuracy may be uncertain. On the other hand, Deterministic test methods like Electrical Conductivity and Capacitance Test (HVLD), Laser-based Gas Headspace Analysis, Mass Extraction, Pressure Decay provide quantitative results with high accuracy. The United States pharmacopeia released guidance in 2016 stating that deterministic methods are preferred over probabilistic test methods.Packaging Technologies And Inspection (PTI’s) Microcurrent HVLD technology and vacuum decay technology are the latest inventions in package integrity testing of parenteral products.

1. Microcurrent HVLD Technology: Microcurrent HVLD is a unique High Voltage Leak Detection Technology, highly effective across all parenteral products. Its Applications include liquid-based products ranging from extremely low conductivity sterile water for injection (WFI) to proteinaceous products with suspensions. Its ability to detect small pinholes, micro cracks and seal defect detection down to single-digit microns makes it an ideal choice for testing parenteral products.

2. VeriPac Vacuum Decay Technology: VeriPac Vacuum Decay Technology, based on the ASTM vacuum decay leak test method (F2338-09) and accredited by the FDA for package integrity testing, is a non-destructive inspection system, capable of defect detection down to 0.002 cc/min. This system is applicable for empty and pre-filled syringes, liquid-filled and lyophilized vials and other flexible and rigid liquid-filled packaging. Depending on the package type and leak test sensitivity needed, appropriate VeriPac model can be selected.

PTI’s next generation PERMA- VAC technology addresses vacuum decay detection at the very core of physical test measurement by controlling the test system volume and maximizing the SNR between good and defective samples. This makes PERMA-VAC the most reliable vacuum-based leak test available in the market.

The global pharmaceutical industry has seen tremendous growth over the last few decades. The complex nature of the industry coupled with frequent breakthroughs has made it a favorite subject of scrutiny. Since any defect in the packaging of drugs can have serious consequences, assuring the quality of the packaging is of prime interest for every manufacturer. Pharmaceutical products are expected to be free from microbial contamination and safe to use right from production throughout their shelf-life. The drug’s stability can be adversely affected through contamination in the form of oxygen, humidity or microbiological ingress. In order to prevent such risks, integrity tests with high sensitivity are required.

Previously, only sterility testing was conducted on pharmaceutical packaging. However, when it was realized that sterility testing alone is not sufficient to hold the integrity of the medical products, the US FDA published Guidance for Industry for Submission Documentation for Sterilization Process Validation in Applications for Human and Veterinary Drug Products. This emphasised the importance of verification of microbial barrier properties of a pharmaceutical product package (i.e., CCI). FDA defines Container Closure Integrity Testing (CCIT) “as the sum of packaging components that together contain and protect the dosage form”.

Container Closure Integrity Testing is a method of leak detection using a non-destructive packaging inspection system to prevent possible contamination. Such a test is essential since any defect in the container can cause external particles to enter the product, thereby reducing its shelf life. Implementing right Container Closure System has been of prime importance for a manufacturer as it affects both the product and the patient. Hence, the relevance of CCI Testing in the pharmaceutical industry has steadily increased over the years. Contaminants that can enter a product include micro-organisms, reactive gases, and other substances. CCIT ensures product quality is maintained from the point of manufacture throughout its distribution and use. Container closure systems include primary packaging components and secondary packaging components. Components such as a glass vial or syringe, which come into direct contact with the product, are primary packaging components. On the other hand, components that are crucial to ensure correct package assembly, such as aluminum caps, over stoppers etc. are the secondary packaging components

CCI Testing Methods

Container closure integrity testing can be performed in many different ways. Each method has its own merits and demerits. A number of factors have to be considered while selecting appropriate testing methods. These factors include, but are not limited to; the reliability of the test method, material of the primary package and inline versus an offline testing requirement. CCI testing methods can also be selected depending on specific desired outcomes. Examples of desired outcome include: identifying the presence of leak paths, understanding leak path’s location, evaluating leak rate for the whole package, and measuring potential for microbial ingress. The United States pharmacopeia released guidance in 2016 stating that deterministic methods are preferred over probabilistic test method.

1. Probabilistic methods: Here, the testing methods are more traditional, and the accuracy of the result is uncertain. The probabilistic methods include the following:

• Microbial Challenge by Immersion
• Tracer Liquid Tests (e.g. Dye Ingress)
• Bubble Tests
• Tracer Gas (Sniffer Mode)

2. Deterministic methods: Such methods provide quantitative results with a higher level of accuracy. The chances of errors are also minimal. The deterministic methods include the following:

• Electrical Conductivity and Capacitance Test (HVLD)
• Laser-based Gas Headspace Analysis
• Mass Extraction
• Pressure Decay
• Tracer Gas (vacuum mode)
• Vacuum Decay